Svetnik Vladimir, Snyder Ellen S, Ma Junshui, Tao Peining, Lines Christopher, Herring William Joseph
Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA.
Wellinfo Consulting, LLC, Edison, NJ, USA.
J Sleep Res. 2017 Feb;26(1):92-104. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12448. Epub 2016 Sep 16.
Previous studies of the differences between patients with insomnia and good sleepers with regard to quantitative electroencephalographic measures have mostly utilized small samples and consequently had limited ability to account for potentially important confounding factors of age, sex and part of the night. We conducted a power spectral analysis using a large database of sleep electroencephalographic recordings to evaluate differences between patients with insomnia (N = 803) and good sleepers (N = 811), while simultaneously accounting for these factors and their interaction. Comparisons of power as a function of age and part of the night were made between cohorts (patients with insomnia versus good sleepers) by sex. Absolute power in the delta, theta and sigma bands declined with age for both females and males. Females had significantly greater power than males at all ages, and for each band, cohort and part of the night. These sex differences were much greater than differences between patients with insomnia and good sleepers. Compared with good sleepers, patients with insomnia under age 40-45 years had reduced delta band power during Part 1 of the night. Females with insomnia over age 45 years had increased delta and theta band power in Parts 2 and 3 of the night, and males with insomnia under age 40 years had reduced theta power in Part 1. Females with insomnia had increased beta2 power in all parts of the night, and males with insomnia had reduced alpha power during all parts of the night. Relative power (the proportion that an individual frequency band contributes to the total power) decreased in the delta band and increased in all other bands with age for both cohorts, sexes and all parts of the night. This analysis provides a unique resource for quantitative information on the differences in power spectra between patients with insomnia and good sleepers accounting for age, sex and part of the night.
以往关于失眠患者与睡眠良好者在定量脑电图测量方面差异的研究大多采用小样本，因此在考虑年龄、性别和夜间时段等潜在重要混杂因素方面能力有限。我们使用一个大型睡眠脑电图记录数据库进行了功率谱分析，以评估失眠患者（N = 803）和睡眠良好者（N = 811）之间的差异，同时考虑这些因素及其相互作用。按性别对两组人群（失眠患者与睡眠良好者）之间功率随年龄和夜间时段的变化进行了比较。δ、θ和σ频段的绝对功率在女性和男性中均随年龄下降。在所有年龄段、每个频段、每组人群和夜间各时段，女性的功率均显著高于男性。这些性别差异远大于失眠患者与睡眠良好者之间的差异。与睡眠良好者相比，40 - 45岁以下的失眠患者在夜间第1时段的δ频段功率降低。45岁以上的失眠女性在夜间第2和第3时段的δ和θ频段功率增加，40岁以下的失眠男性在夜间第1时段的θ功率降低。失眠女性在夜间各时段的β2功率增加，失眠男性在夜间各时段的α功率降低。对于两组人群、性别以及夜间所有时段，相对功率（单个频段对总功率的贡献比例）在δ频段随年龄下降，在所有其他频段随年龄增加。该分析为失眠患者与睡眠良好者在考虑年龄、性别和夜间时段的功率谱差异方面提供了独特的定量信息资源。
