Fan Zhaofei, Wu Zhihao, Wang Lijuan, Zou Yuxia, Zhang Peijun, You Feng
Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2016 Oct;18(5):545-553. doi: 10.1007/s10126-016-9716-6. Epub 2016 Sep 17.
Olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus is an important commercially cultured marine flatfish in China, Korea, and Japan. Gynogenesis, via meiogynogenesis and mitogynogenesis, shows advantages in breeding and sex control, but the low survival rate, especially for mitogynogenesis, limits its application. In this study, we sequenced the embryo transcriptomes of gynogenetic haploid, meiogynogenetic diploid, mitogynogenetic diploid, and common diploid flounder and investigated their respective genetic characteristics by analyzing differentiated expressed genes. Compared with common diploid, the gynogenetic haploid showed significant downregulation in notch signaling and wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling pathways, which may be the source of haploid syndrome. In both meiogynogenesis and mitogynogenesis, several upregulated genes including complement C3, formin-2, and intelectin may be related to increased survival compared to the haploid. The downregulation of immune system and energy metabolism-related genes caused retarded development of gynogenetic diploids compared with the common diploid. These data provided new and important information for application of artificially induced gynogenesis to aquaculture.
牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）是中国、韩国和日本重要的海水养殖经济鲆鲽类。雌核发育，包括减数雌核发育和有丝雌核发育，在育种和性别控制方面具有优势，但成活率低，尤其是有丝雌核发育，限制了其应用。在本研究中，我们对雌核发育单倍体、减数雌核发育二倍体、有丝雌核发育二倍体和普通二倍体牙鲆的胚胎转录组进行了测序，并通过分析差异表达基因研究了它们各自的遗传特征。与普通二倍体相比，雌核发育单倍体在Notch信号通路和无翅相关整合位点（Wnt）信号通路中显著下调，这可能是单倍体综合征的根源。在减数雌核发育和有丝雌核发育中，一些上调基因，包括补体C3、formin-2和凝集素，可能与相对于单倍体提高的成活率有关。与普通二倍体相比，雌核发育二倍体中免疫系统和能量代谢相关基因的下调导致发育迟缓。这些数据为人工诱导雌核发育在水产养殖中的应用提供了新的重要信息。
