Deng Zexing, Guo Yi, Zhao Xin, Li Longchao, Dong Ruonan, Guo Baolin, Ma Peter X
Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Acta Biomater. 2016 Dec;46:234-244. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.09.019. Epub 2016 Sep 15.
Development of flexible degradable electroactive shape memory polymers (ESMPs) with tunable switching temperature (around body temperature) for tissue engineering is still a challenge. Here we designed and synthesized a series of shape memory copolymers with electroactivity, super stretchability and tunable recovery temperature based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with different molecular weight and conductive amino capped aniline trimer, and demonstrated their potential to enhance myogenic differentiation from C2C12 myoblast cells. We characterized the copolymers by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), shape memory test, tensile test and in vitro enzymatic degradation study. The electroactive biodegradable shape memory copolymers showed great elasticity, tunable recovery temperature around 37°C, and good shape memory properties. Furthermore, proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts were investigated on electroactive copolymers films, and they greatly enhanced the proliferation, myotube formation and related myogenic differentiation genes expression of C2C12 myoblasts compared to the pure PCL with molecular weight of 80,000. Our study suggests that these electroactive, highly stretchable, biodegradable shape memory polymers with tunable recovery temperature near the body temperature have great potential in skeletal muscle tissue engineering application.
Conducting polymers can regulate cell behavior such cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation with or without electrical stimulation. Therefore, they have great potential for electrical signal sensitive tissue regeneration. Although conducting biomaterials with degradability have been developed, highly stretchable and electroactive degradable copolymers for soft tissue engineering have been rarely reported. On the other hand, shape memory polymers (SMPs) have been widely used in biomedical fields. However, SMPs based on polyesters usually are biologically inert. This work reported the design of super stretchable electroactive degradable SMPs based on polycaprolactone and aniline trimer with tunable recovery temperature around body temperature. These flexible electroactive SMPs facilitated the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells compared with polycaprolactone, indicating that they are excellent scaffolding biomaterials in tissue engineering to repair skeletal muscle and possibly other tissues.
开发具有可调节开关温度（接近体温）的柔性可降解电活性形状记忆聚合物（ESMPs）用于组织工程仍然是一项挑战。在此，我们基于不同分子量的聚（ε-己内酯）（PCL）和导电氨基封端的苯胺三聚体，设计并合成了一系列具有电活性、超拉伸性和可调节回复温度的形状记忆共聚物，并证明了它们在增强C2C12成肌细胞成肌分化方面的潜力。我们通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、质子核磁共振（H NMR）、循环伏安法（CV）、紫外可见光谱（UV-vis）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、形状记忆测试、拉伸测试和体外酶降解研究对共聚物进行了表征。电活性可生物降解形状记忆共聚物表现出极大的弹性、约37°C的可调节回复温度以及良好的形状记忆性能。此外，在电活性共聚物薄膜上研究了C2C12成肌细胞的增殖和分化，与分子量为80,000的纯PCL相比，它们极大地促进了C2C12成肌细胞的增殖、肌管形成以及相关成肌分化基因的表达。我们的研究表明，这些具有电活性、高拉伸性、可生物降解且回复温度可在体温附近调节的形状记忆聚合物在骨骼肌组织工程应用中具有巨大潜力。
导电聚合物可以在有或没有电刺激的情况下调节细胞行为，如细胞粘附、增殖和分化。因此，它们在电信号敏感组织再生方面具有巨大潜力。尽管已经开发出具有可降解性的导电生物材料，但用于软组织工程的高拉伸性和电活性可降解共聚物鲜有报道。另一方面，形状记忆聚合物（SMPs）已广泛应用于生物医学领域。然而，基于聚酯的SMPs通常具有生物惰性。这项工作报道了基于聚己内酯和苯胺三聚体设计的具有超拉伸性、电活性、可降解且回复温度可在体温附近调节的SMPs。与聚己内酯相比，这些柔性电活性SMPs促进了C2C12成肌细胞的增殖和分化，表明它们是组织工程中用于修复骨骼肌及可能其他组织的优秀支架生物材料。
