Bissonnette B, Sessler D I, LaFlamme P
Department of Anesthesia, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario.
Anesth Analg. 1989 Aug;69(2):192-6.
This study tested the hypotheses that 1) temperatures of "central" sites are similar in infants and children undergoing noncardiac surgery and 2) airway heating and humidification increases distal esophageal temperature. Twenty children were randomly assigned to receive 1) active airway humidification using an airway heater and humidifier set at 37 degrees C (N = 8), 2) passive airway humidification using a heat and moisture exchanger (N = 6), or 3) no airway humidification and/or heating (control, N = 6). There were no statistically significant differences between tympanic membrane, esophageal, rectal, and axillary temperatures. The temperatures of the peripheral skin surface (forearm and fingertip) were significantly lower than tympanic membrane temperature and significantly different from each other. Although esophageal and tympanic membrane temperatures in the entire group were similar, esophageal temperatures in patients receiving active and passive airway humidification were about 0.35 degrees C above tympanic temperatures after induction of anesthesia. In contrast, esophageal temperatures in patients without airway humidification were 0.25 degrees C below tympanic temperatures after induction of anesthesia. Esophageal-tympanic membrane temperature differences in the patients given active and passive humidification differed significantly from the corresponding sum in the control group at all times, but not from each other.
1）接受非心脏手术的婴幼儿和儿童“中心”部位的温度相似；2）气道加热和湿化可提高食管远端温度。20名儿童被随机分为三组，分别接受：1）使用设置为37摄氏度的气道加热器和加湿器进行主动气道湿化（N = 8）；2）使用热湿交换器进行被动气道湿化（N = 6）；或3）不进行气道湿化和/或加热（对照组，N = 6）。鼓膜、食管、直肠和腋窝温度之间无统计学显著差异。外周皮肤表面（前臂和指尖）的温度显著低于鼓膜温度，且彼此之间存在显著差异。虽然整个组的食管温度和鼓膜温度相似，但在麻醉诱导后，接受主动和被动气道湿化的患者的食管温度比鼓膜温度高约0.35摄氏度。相比之下，未进行气道湿化的患者在麻醉诱导后的食管温度比鼓膜温度低0.25摄氏度。接受主动和被动湿化的患者食管-鼓膜温度差在所有时间均与对照组的相应差值存在显著差异，但两者之间无显著差异。
