Liang Dan, Ma Chao, Wang Yun-Qi, Wang Yu-Jie, Chen-Xi Zhao
Soil and Water Conservation of Beijing Engineering Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Chongqing Jinyun Forest Ecological Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Nov;23(21):21176-21186. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7687-9. Epub 2016 Sep 19.
As PM affect human health, it is important to target tree planting in the role of reducing air pollution concentrations. PM capture capability of greening trees is associated with leaf morphology, while quantitative research is scanty. In this paper, the PM capture capability of 25 species in Beijing and Chongqing were examined by a chamber device. Groove proportion, leaf hair, stomatal density, and stomata size were selected as indexes of leaf morphology. Results showed that groove proportion and stomata size significantly relate to PM capture quantity, while no significantly positive correlations were found for leaf hairs and stomatal density. Broadleaf species are conducive to PM capture for their rich leaf morphology and have an edge over coniferous in PM capture per leaf area. However, coniferous had a larger PM capture capability per tree due to the advantage of a large leaf area. Significant difference existed between the species in Beijing and Chongqing due to the different leaf morphology. Urban greening trees are diverse and the structures are complicated. Complex ecological environment may lead to different morphology characteristics. Climate and pollution conditions should be considered when greening.
由于颗粒物（PM）影响人类健康，因此将植树作为降低空气污染浓度的手段很重要。绿化树木对PM的捕获能力与叶片形态有关，而定量研究较少。本文利用一个箱式装置检测了北京和重庆25个树种对PM的捕获能力。选择沟槽比例、叶毛、气孔密度和气孔大小作为叶片形态指标。结果表明，沟槽比例和气孔大小与PM捕获量显著相关，而叶毛和气孔密度未发现显著正相关。阔叶树种因其丰富的叶片形态有利于PM捕获，且在单位叶面积的PM捕获方面优于针叶树种。然而，由于叶面积大的优势，针叶树单株的PM捕获能力更大。北京和重庆的树种由于叶片形态不同存在显著差异。城市绿化树木种类多样且结构复杂。复杂的生态环境可能导致不同的形态特征。绿化时应考虑气候和污染条件。
