Chen Chyi-Ying A, Shyu Ann-Bin
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2017 Jan;42(1):16-27. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.08.014. Epub 2016 Sep 16.
mRNA is the molecule that conveys genetic information from DNA to the translation apparatus. mRNAs in all organisms display a wide range of stability, and mechanisms have evolved to selectively and differentially regulate individual mRNA stability in response to intracellular and extracellular cues. In recent years, three seemingly distinct aspects of RNA biology-mRNA N-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, alternative 3' end processing and polyadenylation (APA), and mRNA codon usage-have been linked to mRNA turnover, and all three aspects function to regulate global mRNA stability in cis. Here, we discuss the discovery and molecular dissection of these mechanisms in relation to how they impact the intrinsic decay rate of mRNA in eukaryotes, leading to transcriptome reprogramming.
信使核糖核酸(mRNA)是一种将遗传信息从脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)传递至翻译装置的分子。所有生物体中的mRNA都具有广泛的稳定性,并且已经进化出相应机制,以响应细胞内和细胞外信号,选择性地、差异化地调节单个mRNA的稳定性。近年来,RNA生物学中三个看似不同的方面——mRNA N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)修饰、可变3'端加工和多聚腺苷酸化(APA)以及mRNA密码子使用,都与mRNA周转相关联,并且这三个方面都在顺式作用中调节整体mRNA稳定性。在此,我们讨论这些机制的发现和分子解析,以及它们如何影响真核生物中mRNA的固有降解速率,从而导致转录组重编程。