Sengupta T, Vinayagam J, Singh R, Jaisankar P, Mohanakumar K P
Division of Cell Biology & Physiology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR, Govt of India), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
Division of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR, Govt of India), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India.
Adv Neurobiol. 2016;12:415-96. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-28383-8_23.
Plant-derived natural products have made their own niche in the treatment of neurological diseases since time immemorial. Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, has no cure and the treatment available currently is symptomatic. This chapter thoughtfully and objectively assesses the scientific basis that supports the increasing use of these plant-derived natural products for the treatment of this chronic and progressive disorder. Proper considerations are made on the chemical nature, sources, preclinical tests and their validity, and mechanisms of behavioural or biochemical recovery observed following treatment with various plants derived natural products relevant to PD therapy. The scientific basis underlying the neuroprotective effect of 6 Ayurvedic herbs/formulations, 12 Chinese medicinal herbs/formulations, 33 other plants, and 5 plant-derived molecules have been judiciously examined emphasizing behavioral, cellular, or biochemical aspects of neuroprotection observed in the cellular or animal models of the disease. The molecular mechanisms triggered by these natural products to promote cell survivability and to reduce the risk of cellular degeneration have also been brought to light in this study. The study helped to reveal certain limitations in the scenario: lack of preclinical studies in all cases barring two; heavy dependence on in vitro test systems; singular animal or cellular model to establish any therapeutic potential of drugs. This strongly warrants further studies so as to reproduce and confirm these reported effects. However, the current literature offers scientific credence to traditionally used plant-derived natural products for the treatment of PD.
自古以来，植物源天然产物在神经疾病治疗领域就占有一席之地。帕金森病（PD）是第二常见的神经退行性疾病，无法治愈，目前的治疗仅为对症治疗。本章深入且客观地评估了支持越来越多地使用这些植物源天然产物治疗这种慢性进行性疾病的科学依据。针对与PD治疗相关的各种植物源天然产物的化学性质、来源、临床前试验及其有效性，以及治疗后观察到的行为或生化恢复机制进行了适当考量。对6种阿育吠陀草药/配方、12种中草药/配方、33种其他植物以及5种植物源分子的神经保护作用的科学依据进行了审慎研究，重点关注了在该疾病的细胞或动物模型中观察到的神经保护的行为、细胞或生化方面。本研究还揭示了这些天然产物触发的促进细胞存活和降低细胞变性风险的分子机制。该研究有助于揭示该领域存在的某些局限性：除两例之外，所有案例均缺乏临床前研究；严重依赖体外测试系统；仅通过单一动物或细胞模型来确定药物的任何治疗潜力。这有力地表明需要进一步研究，以重现和证实这些已报道的效果。然而，当前文献为传统使用的植物源天然产物治疗PD提供了科学依据。
