Linn. Induces Protection against DNA and Membrane Damage.

BACKGROUND

is a medicinal herb used to cure various ailments in subtropical and tropical regions of Southeast Asia.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this evaluation of against free radical induced DNA and erythrocyte damage.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The profiles of polyphenol and flavonoid were quantified through reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Free radical induced DNA and membrane damage were performed using HO as oxidative agent.

RESULTS

The total polyphenol content of leaf ethyl acetate extract (CcEA) was 94.5 ± 3.8 mg/gGAE, CcME ( leaf methanol extract) was 52.7 ± 2.8 mg/gGAE, and CcWE ( leaf Water extract) was 31.84 ± 1.8 mg/gGAE. Total flavonoid content of CcEA was 60.46 ± 2.3 mg/gQE, CcME was 46.26 ± 1.8 mg/gQE, and CcWE was 20.47 ± 1.1 mg/gQE. The extracts also exhibited good antioxidant activity as confirmed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), hydroxyl scavenging, reducing power, and total antioxidant assays. Among the three extracts, CcEA and CcME showed better protection against red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis and DNA damage as confirmed by electrophoretic study. Further, Scanning electron micrograph data showed that CcEA revealed the free radical induced structural alterations in RBC.

CONCLUSION

These findings suggest that contains bioactive molecules and can inhibit oxidative stress and can be source of further study to use this in herbal medicine.

SUMMARY

ROS are generated under normal biological systems. These ROS generated can be scavenged by endogenous and exogenous cellular mechanisms. Environmental stress, radiation, smoke etc. elevates ROS dramatically. This leads to significant damage to cellular biomolecules like DNA and cell structures. Plants as a large reservoir of drugs for protecting DNA and cell structures from oxidative stress. Polyphenols present in the extracts acts through several mechanisms to quench free radicals. Extracts exhibited potent antioxidant properties and also protected DNA and cell membrane from oxidative damage. Hence this can be used in herbal medicine for treating oxidative stress mediated diseases. ABTS: 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); CcEA: leaf ethyl acetate extract; CcME: leaf methanol extract; CcWE: leaf Water extract; DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; GAE: Gallic acid Equivalent; HO: Hydrogen Peroxide; QE: Quercetin Equivalent; RNS: Reactive Nitrogen Spevcies; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; SEM: Scanning Electron Microscope.