Alshayea Areej I, Eid Gamal E, El-Hazmi Malak M, Alhetheel Abdulkarim F
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
Saudi Med J. 2016 Oct;37(10):1114-9. doi: 10.15537/smj.2016.10.14708.
To evaluate the prevalence of occult hepatitis B viral infections (OBIs) among blood donors considering the clinical and epidemiological importance of identifying OBIs.
A cross-sectional study conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2011 and January 2012. Blood donors (n=8501) were screened for Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antibodies (HBcAb). All HBsAg-negative and HBcAb-positive samples were tested further for hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb), hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA, and HBV genotyping.
Of the 8501 serum samples tested, 56 (0.7%) were positive and 8445 (99.3%) were negative for HBsAg. Among the HBsAg-negative samples, 198 (2.3%) were positive for HBcAb and these patients were suspected to have OBIs. Among the HBcAb-positive samples, 119 (60.1%) were positive while 79 (39.9%) were negative for HBsAb. Analysis of HBV-DNA for the suspected OBIs showed that 17 out of 198 samples (8.6%) yielded positive results, and all of them were HBsAb-negative. The viral load was low (less than 20-186 IU/mL) in all OBIs. Hepatitis B virus genotyping showed that 15 out of 17 samples (88.2%) were genotype D, and the other 2 samples (11.8%) were genotype E.
The prevalence of OBIs among blood donors in Riyadh was 0.2%. Therefore, it is recommended that HBV molecular testing should be incorporated with serological assays for screening of blood donors.
鉴于隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染（OBIs）的临床和流行病学重要性，评估献血者中OBIs的流行率。
2011年1月至2012年1月在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的哈立德国王大学医院进行了一项横断面研究。对献血者（n = 8501）进行乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）和乙型肝炎核心抗体（HBcAb）筛查。所有HBsAg阴性和HBcAb阳性样本进一步检测乙型肝炎表面抗体（HBsAb）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）-DNA和HBV基因分型。
在检测的8501份血清样本中，56份（0.7%）HBsAg呈阳性，8445份（99.3%）呈阴性。在HBsAg阴性样本中，198份（2.3%）HBcAb呈阳性，这些患者被怀疑患有OBIs。在HBcAb阳性样本中，119份（60.1%）HBsAb呈阳性，79份（39.9%）呈阴性。对疑似OBIs的HBV-DNA分析显示，198份样本中有17份（8.6%）结果呈阳性，且所有样本HBsAb均为阴性。所有OBIs的病毒载量均较低（低于20 - 186 IU/mL）。HBV基因分型显示，17份样本中有15份（88.2%）为D基因型，另外2份（11.8%）为E基因型。
利雅得献血者中OBIs的流行率为0.2%。因此，建议将HBV分子检测与血清学检测相结合用于献血者筛查。
