Thorpe Roland J, Fesahazion Ruth G, Parker Lauren, Wilder Tanganiyka, Rooks Ronica N, Bowie Janice V, Bell Caryn N, Szanton Sarah L, LaVeist Thomas A
Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Ste 708, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.
J Urban Health. 2016 Oct;93(5):808-819. doi: 10.1007/s11524-016-0075-4.
The weathering hypothesis, an explanation for race disparities in the USA, asserts that the health of African Americans begin to deteriorate prematurely compared to whites as a consequence of long-term exposure to social and environmental risk factors. Using data from 2000-2009 National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS), we sought to describe differences in age-related health outcomes in 619,130 African Americans and whites. Outcome measures included hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. Using a mixed models approach to age-period-cohort analysis, we calculated age- and race-specific prevalence rates that accounted for the complex sampling design of NHIS. African Americans exhibited higher prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, and stroke than whites across all age groups. Consistent with the weathering hypothesis, African Americans exhibited equivalent prevalence rates for these three conditions 10 years earlier than whites. This suggests that African Americans are acquiring age-related conditions prematurely compared to whites.
“风化假说”是对美国种族差异的一种解释，该假说认为，由于长期暴露于社会和环境风险因素，非裔美国人的健康状况与白人相比会过早开始恶化。利用2000 - 2009年美国国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）的数据，我们试图描述619,130名非裔美国人和白人在与年龄相关的健康结果方面的差异。结果指标包括高血压、糖尿病、中风和心血管疾病。我们采用年龄 - 时期 - 队列分析的混合模型方法，计算了考虑到NHIS复杂抽样设计的特定年龄和种族的患病率。在所有年龄组中，非裔美国人患高血压、糖尿病和中风的患病率均高于白人。与“风化假说”一致，非裔美国人在这三种疾病上的患病率比白人早10年达到相同水平。这表明与白人相比，非裔美国人过早地患上了与年龄相关的疾病。
