Gaillard J C, Sanz Kristinne, Balgos Benigno C, Dalisay Soledad Natalia M, Gorman-Murray Andrew, Smith Fagalua, Toelupe Vaito'a
Associate Professor at the School of Environment, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Anthropologist and independent researcher based in Newcastle, United Kingdom.
Disasters. 2017 Jul;41(3):429-447. doi: 10.1111/disa.12209. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
Consideration of gender in the disaster sphere has centred almost exclusively on the vulnerability and capacities of women. This trend stems from a polarised Western understanding of gender as a binary concept of man-woman. Such an approach also mirrors the dominant framing of disasters and disaster risk reduction (DRR), emphasising Western standards and practices to the detriment of local, non-Western identities and experiences. This paper argues that the man-woman dichotomy is an insufficient construct with which to address the gendered dimensions of a disaster as it fails to capture the realities of diverse gender minorities in non-Western contexts. The paper presents case studies from the Philippines, Indonesia, and Samoa, where gender minorities display specific patterns of vulnerability associated with their marginal positions in society, yet, importantly, also possess a wide array of endogenous capacities. Recognition of these differences, needs, skills, and unique resources is essential to moving towards inclusive and gender-sensitive DRR.
在灾害领域，对性别的考量几乎完全集中在女性的脆弱性和能力上。这一趋势源于西方将性别视为男性 - 女性二元概念的两极化理解。这种方法也反映了灾害及灾害风险减少（DRR）的主导框架，强调西方标准和做法，而损害了当地非西方的身份认同和经验。本文认为，男女二分法不足以应对灾害中的性别层面问题，因为它未能捕捉非西方背景下不同性别少数群体的现实情况。本文呈现了来自菲律宾、印度尼西亚和萨摩亚的案例研究，在这些地方，性别少数群体展现出与其在社会中的边缘地位相关的特定脆弱性模式，但重要的是，他们也拥有一系列内在能力。认识到这些差异、需求、技能和独特资源对于实现包容性和对性别问题敏感的灾害风险减少至关重要。
