Northrup T F, Evans P W, Lillie M L, Tyson J E
Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, UTHealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
J Perinatol. 2016 Dec;36(12):1112-1115. doi: 10.1038/jp.2016.136. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
Frequent parental visits are likely to benefit infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), particularly extremely low birth weight (ELBW; ⩽1000 g) survivors. Parking costs (⩾$10 per visit in our center) may deter visitation, especially for low-income parents. We assessed whether free parking (FP) decreased survivors' length of stay (LOS).
Parents (N=138) of ELBW infants (7 to 14 days old) were randomized to usual care (UC; n=66) or FP (n=72). The primary outcome was LOS.
Among survivors (n=116), LOS was not significantly less with FP than UC (means: FP=89, UC=102 days, P=0.22; medians: FP=82, UC=84 days, P=0.30). Groups did not differ significantly on proportion of visit days (FP=0.69, UC=0.72, P=0.47), parental involvement, knowledge/skills and satisfaction. Post hoc analyses found that parents with a greater income, a car and fewer children visited more.
More potent interventions than FP are needed to increase parental visits and reduce LOS for ELBW infants in disadvantaged urban populations.
在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU），父母频繁探视可能使婴儿受益，尤其是超低出生体重（ELBW；≤1000克）的存活者。停车费用（在我们中心每次探视至少10美元）可能会阻碍探视，尤其是对低收入父母而言。我们评估了免费停车（FP）是否能缩短存活者的住院时间（LOS）。
将ELBW婴儿（7至14日龄）的父母（N = 138）随机分为常规护理组（UC；n = 66）或免费停车组（FP；n = 72）。主要结局指标为住院时间。
在存活者（n = 116）中，免费停车组的住院时间并不显著少于常规护理组（均值：免费停车组=89天，常规护理组=102天，P = 0.22；中位数：免费停车组=82天，常规护理组=84天，P = 0.30）。两组在探视天数比例（免费停车组=0.69，常规护理组=0.72，P = 0.47）、父母参与度、知识/技能及满意度方面无显著差异。事后分析发现，收入较高、有车且孩子较少的父母探视更为频繁。
对于弱势城市人群中的ELBW婴儿，需要比免费停车更有效的干预措施来增加父母探视并缩短住院时间。
