Shen Chun-Yan, Jiang Jian-Guo, Yang Li, Wang Da-Wei, Zhu Wei
College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
The second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Br J Pharmacol. 2017 Jun;174(11):1395-1425. doi: 10.1111/bph.13631. Epub 2016 Oct 29.
Ageing, an unanswered question in the medical field, is a multifactorial process that results in a progressive functional decline in cells, tissues and organisms. Although it is impossible to prevent ageing, slowing down the rate of ageing is entirely possible to achieve. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is characterized by the nourishing of life and its role in anti-ageing is getting more and more attention. This article summarizes the work done on the natural products from TCM that are reported to have anti-ageing effects, in the past two decades. The effective anti-ageing ingredients identified can be generally divided into flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, alkaloids and others. Astragaloside, Cistanche tubulosa acteoside, icariin, tetrahydrocurcumin, quercetin, butein, berberine, catechin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, gastrodin, 6-Gingerol, glaucarubinone, ginsenoside Rg1, luteolin, icarisid II, naringenin, resveratrol, theaflavin, carnosic acid, catalpol, chrysophanol, cycloastragenol, emodin, galangin, echinacoside, ferulic acid, huperzine, honokiol, isoliensinine, phycocyanin, proanthocyanidins, rosmarinic acid, oxymatrine, piceid, puerarin and salvianolic acid B are specified in this review. Simultaneously, chemical structures of the monomers with anti-ageing activities are listed, and their source, model, efficacy and mechanism are also described. The TCMs with anti-ageing function are classified according to their action pathways, including the telomere and telomerase, the sirtuins, the mammalian target of rapamycin, AMP-activated kinase and insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signalling pathway, free radicals scavenging and the resistance to DNA damage. Finally, Chinese compound prescription and extracts related to anti-ageing are introduced, which provides the basis and the direction for the further development of novel and potential drugs.
This article is part of a themed section on Principles of Pharmacological Research of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.11/issuetoc.
衰老，医学领域一个尚未解决的问题，是一个多因素过程，会导致细胞、组织和生物体的功能逐渐衰退。虽然无法阻止衰老，但减缓衰老速度是完全可以实现的。中医以养生为特色，其在抗衰老方面的作用越来越受到关注。本文总结了过去二十年中关于据报道具有抗衰老作用的中药天然产物的研究工作。已确定的有效抗衰老成分一般可分为黄酮类、皂苷类、多糖类、生物碱类等。本文综述了黄芪甲苷、管花肉苁蓉松果菊苷、淫羊藿苷、四氢姜黄素、槲皮素、布特菌素、小檗碱、儿茶素、姜黄素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、天麻素、6-姜酚、格劳卡鲁宾酮、人参皂苷Rg1、木犀草素、淫羊藿次苷II、柚皮素、白藜芦醇、茶黄素、肌醇六磷酸、梓醇、大黄酚、环黄芪醇、大黄素、高良姜素、紫锥菊苷、阿魏酸、石杉碱、厚朴酚、异莲心碱、藻蓝蛋白、原花青素、迷迭香酸、氧化苦参碱、白藜芦醇苷、葛根素和丹酚酸B。同时，列出了具有抗衰老活性的单体的化学结构，并描述了它们的来源、模型、功效和作用机制。具有抗衰老功能的中药根据其作用途径进行分类，包括端粒和端粒酶、沉默调节蛋白、雷帕霉素靶蛋白、AMP激活的蛋白激酶和胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子-1信号通路、自由基清除和对DNA损伤的抗性。最后，介绍了与抗衰老相关的中药复方制剂和提取物，为新型潜在药物的进一步开发提供了依据和方向。
本文是营养保健品药理研究原理主题系列的一部分。若要查看本系列的其他文章，请访问http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.11/issuetoc。
