Kennedy James T, Collins Paul F, Luciana Monica
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Neurobehavioral Development, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA.
Front Neurosci. 2016 Sep 8;10:413. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00413. eCollection 2016.
Adolescent obesity is associated with an increased chance of developing serious health risks later in life. Identifying the neurobiological and personality factors related to increases in adiposity is important to understanding what drives maladaptive consummatory and exercise behaviors that result in obesity. Previous research has largely focused on adults with few findings published on interactions among adiposity, brain structure, and personality. In this study, Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM) was used to identify associations between gray and white matter volumes and increasing adiposity, as measured by Body Mass Index percentile (BMI%), in 137 adolescents (age range: 9-20 years, BMI% range: 5.16-99.56). Variations in gray and white matter volume and BMI% were then linked to individual differences in personality measures from the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ). After controlling for age and other covariates, BMI% correlated negatively with gray matter volume in the bilateral caudate (right: partial r = -0.338, left: r = -0.404), medial prefrontal cortex (partial r = -0.339), anterior cingulate (partial r = -0.312), bilateral frontal pole (right: partial r = -0.368, left: r = -0.316), and uncus (partial r = -0.475) as well as white matter volume bilaterally in the anterior limb of the internal capsule (right: partial r = -0.34, left: r = -0.386), extending to the left middle frontal subgyral white matter. Agentic Positive Emotionality (PEM-AG) was correlated negatively with BMI% (partial r = -0.384). PEM-AG was correlated positively with gray matter volume in the right uncus (partial r = 0.329). These results suggest that higher levels of adiposity in adolescents are associated with lower trait levels in reward-related personality domains, as well as structural variations in brain regions associated with reward processing, control, and sensory integration.
青少年肥胖与日后出现严重健康风险的几率增加有关。识别与肥胖增加相关的神经生物学和人格因素，对于理解导致肥胖的不良消费和运动行为的驱动因素至关重要。先前的研究主要集中在成年人身上，关于肥胖、脑结构和人格之间相互作用的研究结果很少。在本研究中，基于体素的形态计量学（VBM）被用于识别137名青少年（年龄范围：9至20岁，体重指数百分位数[BMI%]范围：5.16至99.56）中灰质和白质体积与肥胖增加之间的关联，肥胖程度通过BMI%来衡量。然后，灰质和白质体积以及BMI%的变化与多维人格问卷（MPQ）中人格测量的个体差异相关联。在控制年龄和其他协变量后，BMI%与双侧尾状核（右侧：偏相关系数r = -0.338，左侧：r = -0.404）、内侧前额叶皮质（偏相关系数r = -0.339）、前扣带回（偏相关系数r = -0.312）、双侧额极（右侧：偏相关系数r = -0.368，左侧：r = -0.316）和钩回（偏相关系数r = -0.475）的灰质体积呈负相关，以及与双侧内囊前肢的白质体积呈负相关（右侧：偏相关系数r = -0.34，左侧：r = -0.386），延伸至左侧额中回脑回白质。能动积极情绪性（PEM-AG）与BMI%呈负相关（偏相关系数r = -0.384）。PEM-AG与右侧钩回的灰质体积呈正相关（偏相关系数r = 0.329）。这些结果表明，青少年较高的肥胖水平与奖励相关人格领域的较低特质水平以及与奖励处理、控制和感觉整合相关的脑区结构变化有关。
