Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2016 Feb 28;248:64-72. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
Externalizing psychopathology has been linked to prefrontal abnormalities. While clinically diagnosed subjects show altered frontal gray matter, it is unknown if similar deficits relate to externalizing traits in non-clinical populations. We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to retrospectively analyze the cerebral gray matter volume of 176 young adult social to heavy drinkers (mean age=24.0±2.9, male=83.5%) from studies of alcoholism risk. We hypothesized that prefrontal gray matter volume and externalizing traits would be correlated. Externalizing personality trait components-Boredom Susceptibility-Impulsivity (BS/IMP) and Empathy/Low Antisocial Behaviors (EMP/LASB)-were tested for correlations with gray matter partial volume estimates (gmPVE). Significantly large clusters (pFWE<0.05, family-wise whole-brain corrected) of gmPVE correlated with EMP/LASB in dorsolateral and medial prefrontal regions, and in occipital cortex. BS/IMP did not correlate with gmPVE, but one scale of impulsivity (Eysenck I7) correlated positively with bilateral inferior frontal/orbitofrontal, and anterior insula gmPVE. In this large sample of community-dwelling young adults, antisocial behavior/low empathy corresponded with reduced prefrontal and occipital gray matter, while impulsivity correlated with increased inferior frontal and anterior insula cortical volume. These findings add to a literature indicating that externalizing personality features involve altered frontal architecture.
外化型精神病理学与前额叶异常有关。虽然临床诊断的患者表现出额叶灰质改变，但在非临床人群中，是否存在类似的缺陷与外化特征相关尚不清楚。我们使用基于体素的形态测量学（VBM）对来自酗酒风险研究的 176 名年轻成年社交至重度饮酒者（平均年龄=24.0±2.9，男性=83.5%）的大脑灰质体积进行了回顾性分析。我们假设前额叶灰质体积与外化特征相关。对外部人格特质成分——无聊易感性-冲动性（BS/IMP）和同理心/低反社会行为（EMP/LASB）进行了测试，以与灰质部分体积估计值（gmPVE）相关。与 EMP/LASB 相关的 gmPVE 显著大簇（pFWE<0.05，全脑校正）出现在背外侧和内侧前额叶区域以及枕叶皮层。BS/IMP 与 gmPVE 不相关，但冲动性的一个量表（Eysenck I7）与双侧额下回/眶额回和前岛叶 gmPVE 呈正相关。在这个大型社区居住的年轻成年人样本中，反社会行为/同理心低与前额叶和枕叶灰质减少相关，而冲动性与额下回和前岛叶皮质体积增加相关。这些发现增加了表明外化人格特征涉及前额叶结构改变的文献。
