Hirabayashi Masako, Yoshinaga Masao, Nomura Yuichi, Ushinohama Hiroya, Sato Seiichi, Tauchi Nobuo, Horigome Hitoshi, Takahashi Hideto, Sumitomo Naokata, Shiraishi Hirohiko, Nagashima Masami
Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan.
Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 37-1 Uearata-cho, Kagoshima, 890-8760, Japan.
Eur J Pediatr. 2016 Dec;175(12):1921-1926. doi: 10.1007/s00431-016-2786-7. Epub 2016 Sep 23.
While the prevalence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has decreased worldwide, this decline has plateaued recently. Strategies are needed to resume the constant decrease of SIDS in Japan. A prospective electrocardiographic screening program for infants was performed between July 2010 and March 2011. Parents of 4319 infants were asked about environmental factors related to SIDS through questionnaires at a one-month medical checkup and one year. Parental awareness of prone position, smoke exposure, and breast feeding as environmental factors were 81.4 %, 69.0 %, and 47.8 %, respectively. The prevalence of laying infants exclusively in a supine position was 96.7 %. At the one-month medical checkup, smoking prevalence was 41.7 % in fathers and 2.1 % in mothers. Maternal smoking prevalence was significantly increased at one year after (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that risk factors for new or continued maternal smoking habits were maternal smoking habits at one month (p < 0.001), paternal smoking habits one year later (p < 0.001), and younger maternal age (p = 0.02).
Most parents already avoid laying infants in the prone position, and parental smoking is still a SIDS risk concern in Japan. Smoking cessation programs should be further implemented for parents to decrease risks of SIDS in Japan. What is Known: • The prevalence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has decreased worldwide, however, this decline has plateaued recently. What is New: • Most infants were laid sleeping in the supine position (96.7 %) and were fed breast milk or a mix of expressed milk and formula (92.7 %), and 2.1 % of mothers smoked at the one-month medical checkup. • Maternal smoking prevalence significantly increased from the one-month medical checkup to one year later, and smoking mothers were more likely to feed infants by formula rather than breast milk. • Independent risk factors for new or continued maternal smoking habits included younger maternal age, maternal smoking habits at one month, and paternal smoking habits one year later.
虽然全球范围内婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）的患病率有所下降，但最近这种下降趋势趋于平稳。需要采取策略以在日本恢复SIDS患病率的持续下降。在2010年7月至2011年3月期间对婴儿进行了一项前瞻性心电图筛查项目。在1个月体检和1岁时，通过问卷调查询问了4319名婴儿的父母与SIDS相关的环境因素。父母对俯卧位、烟雾暴露和母乳喂养作为环境因素的知晓率分别为81.4%、69.0%和47.8%。仅让婴儿仰卧的患病率为96.7%。在1个月体检时，父亲的吸烟率为41.7%，母亲的吸烟率为2.1%。母亲吸烟率在1年后显著增加（p<0.001）。多因素回归分析显示，母亲新的或持续吸烟习惯的危险因素包括1个月时的母亲吸烟习惯（p<0.001）、1年后父亲的吸烟习惯（p<0.001）以及母亲年龄较小（p=0.02）。
大多数父母已经避免让婴儿俯卧位睡觉，在日本父母吸烟仍是SIDS的一个风险问题。应进一步为父母实施戒烟项目以降低日本SIDS的风险。已知信息：•全球范围内婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）的患病率有所下降，然而，最近这种下降趋势趋于平稳。新信息：•大多数婴儿仰卧睡觉（96.7%），并且母乳喂养或混合喂养母乳和配方奶（92.7%），在1个月体检时2.1%的母亲吸烟。•母亲吸烟率从1个月体检到1年后显著增加，吸烟母亲更有可能用配方奶而非母乳喂养婴儿。•母亲新的或持续吸烟习惯的独立危险因素包括母亲年龄较小、1个月时的母亲吸烟习惯以及1年后父亲的吸烟习惯。
