Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2016 Nov;219(8):749-758. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.09.012. Epub 2016 Sep 19.
Several studies point to an elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases induced by traffic noise.
We examined the association between aircraft, road traffic and railway noise and heart failure or hypertensive heart disease (HHD) in a large case-control study.
The study population consisted of individuals that were insured by three large statutory health insurance funds in the Rhine-Main area of Germany. Based on insurance claims and prescription data, 104,145 cases of heart failure or HHD diagnosed 2006-10 were identified and compared with 654,172 control subjects. Address-specific exposure to aircraft, road and railway traffic noise in 2005 was estimated. Odds Ratios were calculated using logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, local proportion of persons receiving unemployment benefits, and individual socioeconomic status (available for 39% of the individuals).
A statistically significant linear exposure-risk relationship with heart failure or hypertensive heart disease was found for aircraft traffic noise (1.6% risk increase per 10dB increase in the 24-h continuous noise level; 95% CI 0.3-3.0%), road traffic noise (2.4% per 10dB; 95% CI 1.6-3.2%), and railway noise (3.1% per 10dB; 95% CI 2.2-4.1%). For individuals with 24-h continuous aircraft noise levels <40dB and nightly maximum aircraft noise levels exceeding 50dB six or more times, a significantly increased risk was observed. In general, risks of HHD were considerably higher than the risks of heart failure.
Regarding the high prevalence of traffic noise from various sources, even low risk increases for frequent diseases are relevant for the population as a whole.
多项研究表明，交通噪声会增加心血管疾病的风险。
我们在一项大型病例对照研究中研究了飞机、道路交通和铁路噪声与心力衰竭或高血压性心脏病（HHD）之间的关系。
研究人群包括德国莱茵-美因地区三家大型法定健康保险公司的参保人员。根据保险索赔和处方数据，确定了 2006 年至 2010 年间确诊的 104,145 例心力衰竭或 HHD 病例，并与 654,172 名对照病例进行了比较。2005 年对飞机、道路交通和铁路交通噪声的地址特异性暴露进行了估计。使用逻辑回归分析计算了优势比（OR），并进行了年龄、性别、领取失业救济金的人数的比例和个体社会经济地位（适用于 39%的个体）的调整。
对于心力衰竭或高血压性心脏病，飞机交通噪声（24 小时连续噪声水平每增加 10dB，风险增加 1.6%；95%置信区间 0.3-3.0%）、道路交通噪声（2.4%/10dB；95%置信区间 1.6-3.2%）和铁路噪声（3.1%/10dB；95%置信区间 2.2-4.1%）存在统计学上的线性暴露风险关系。对于 24 小时连续飞机噪声<40dB 和夜间最大飞机噪声超过 50dB 六次或更多次的个体，观察到风险显著增加。一般来说，HHD 的风险远高于心力衰竭的风险。
鉴于各种来源的交通噪声的高发生率，即使是对常见疾病的风险增加，对整个人群也具有相关性。
