Hegewald Janice, Schubert Melanie, Wagner Mandy, Dröge Patrik, Prote Ursel, Swart Enno, Möhler Ulrich, Zeeb Hajo, Seidler Andreas
Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2017 Nov 1;43(6):509-518. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3665. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
Objectives Aircraft, road, and rail traffic noise can cause sleep disturbances. Since night work and shorter sleep durations have been linked to increased risks of breast cancer, we examined if 24-hour, or day- or night-time traffic noise exposure may also increase the risk of breast cancer. Methods To investigate the noise-related risks of breast cancer, the pseudonymized insurance records of three large statutory health companies (2005-2010) for women aged ≥40 years living in the region surrounding the Frankfurt international airport were analyzed with address-specific acoustic data representing aircraft, road, and rail-traffic noise. Noise exposure among women with incident breast cancer (N=6643) were compared with that of control subjects (N=471 596) using logistic regression and adjusting for age, hormone replacement therapy, education and occupation (only available for 27.9%), and a regional proportion of persons receiving long-term unemployment benefits as an ecological indicator of socioeconomic level. Analyses were also stratified according to estrogen receptor (ER) status. Results An increased odds ratio (OR) was observed for ER negative (ER-) tumors at 24-hour aircraft noise levels 55-59 dB [OR 55-59 dB 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.90] but not for ER positive (ER+) breast cancers (OR 55-59 dB 0.95, 95% CI 0.75-1.20). Clear associations between road and rail traffic noise were not observed. Conclusions The results indicate increased aircraft noise may be an etiologic factor for ER- breast cancers. However, information regarding potential confounding factors was largely unattainable. Further research is required to understand how environmental noise may be involved in the pathogenesis of ER- breast cancers.
目标 飞机、公路和铁路交通噪声可导致睡眠障碍。由于夜间工作和较短的睡眠时间与乳腺癌风险增加有关，我们研究了24小时、白天或夜间的交通噪声暴露是否也会增加患乳腺癌的风险。方法 为了调查与噪声相关的乳腺癌风险，分析了三家大型法定健康保险公司（2005 - 2010年）中年龄≥40岁、居住在法兰克福国际机场周边地区女性的化名保险记录，并结合代表飞机、公路和铁路交通噪声的特定地址声学数据。使用逻辑回归并对年龄、激素替代疗法、教育程度和职业（仅27.9%可得）以及接受长期失业救济金人员的区域比例作为社会经济水平的生态指标进行调整后，比较了患乳腺癌女性（N = 6643）与对照对象（N = 471596）的噪声暴露情况。分析还根据雌激素受体（ER）状态进行了分层。结果 在24小时飞机噪声水平为55 - 59 dB时，观察到雌激素受体阴性（ER-）肿瘤的优势比（OR）增加[OR 55 - 59 dB 为1.41，95%置信区间（CI）为1.04 - 1.90]，而雌激素受体阳性（ER+）乳腺癌则未观察到（OR 55 - 59 dB 为0.95，95% CI为0.75 - 1.20）。未观察到公路和铁路交通噪声之间的明确关联。结论 结果表明，飞机噪声增加可能是ER-乳腺癌的一个病因。然而，关于潜在混杂因素的信息大多无法获取。需要进一步研究以了解环境噪声可能如何参与ER-乳腺癌的发病机制。
