Univ. Orleans, PRISME EA 4229, 63 Avenue de Lattre de Tassigny, 18020 Bourges, France.
Institut P', UPR 3346 CNRS, ENSMA, Univ. Poitiers, 1 Av. Clément Ader, Téléport 2, BP 40109, 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil, France.
J Hazard Mater. 2017 Jan 5;321:528-536. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.09.042. Epub 2016 Sep 20.
Electric cables are now extensively used for both residential and industrial applications. During more than twenty years, multi-scale approaches have been developed to study fire behavior of such cables that represents a serious challenge. Cables are rather complicated materials because they consist of an insulated part and jacket of polymeric materials. These polymeric materials can have various chemical structures, thicknesses and additives and generally have a char-forming tendency when exposed to heat source. In this work, two test methods are used for the characterization of cable pyrolysis and flammability. The first one permits the investigation of cable pyrolysis. A description of the cable mass loss is obtained, coupling an Arrhenius expression with a 1D thermal model of cables heating. Numerical results are successfully compared with experimental data obtained for two types of cable commonly used in French nuclear power plants. The second one is devoted to ignition investigations (spontaneous or piloted) of these cables. All these basic observations, measurements and modelling efforts are of major interest for a more comprehensive fire resistance evaluation of electric cables.
电线电缆广泛应用于住宅和工业领域。二十多年来，人们已经开发出多种多尺度方法来研究电缆的火灾行为，这是一项极具挑战性的工作。电缆是一种相当复杂的材料，因为它们由绝缘部分和聚合物材料制成的护套组成。这些聚合物材料可能具有不同的化学结构、厚度和添加剂，并且在受热时通常具有形成炭的趋势。在这项工作中，使用了两种测试方法来表征电缆的热解和可燃性。第一种方法允许研究电缆的热解。通过将阿累尼乌斯表达式与电缆加热的一维热模型相结合，获得了电缆质量损失的描述。数值结果与两种常用于法国核电站的电缆类型的实验数据成功进行了比较。第二种方法专门用于研究这些电缆的点火（自发或引导）。所有这些基本观察、测量和建模工作对于更全面地评估电缆的防火性能具有重要意义。
