Huang Canping, Liu William J, Xu Wen, Jin Tao, Zhao Yingze, Song Jingdong, Shi Yi, Ji Wei, Jia Hao, Zhou Yongming, Wen Honghua, Zhao Honglan, Liu Huaxing, Li Hong, Wang Qihui, Wu Ying, Wang Liang, Liu Di, Liu Guang, Yu Hongjie, Holmes Edward C, Lu Lin, Gao George F
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China.
College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
PLoS Pathog. 2016 Sep 27;12(9):e1005883. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005883. eCollection 2016 Sep.
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 has generated enormous interest in the biodiversity, genomics and cross-species transmission potential of coronaviruses, especially those from bats, the second most speciose order of mammals. Herein, we identified a novel coronavirus, provisionally designated Rousettus bat coronavirus GCCDC1 (Ro-BatCoV GCCDC1), in the rectal swab samples of Rousettus leschenaulti bats by using pan-coronavirus RT-PCR and next-generation sequencing. Although the virus is similar to Rousettus bat coronavirus HKU9 (Ro-BatCoV HKU9) in genome characteristics, it is sufficiently distinct to be classified as a new species according to the criteria defined by the International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). More striking was that Ro-BatCoV GCCDC1 contained a unique gene integrated into the 3'-end of the genome that has no homologs in any known coronavirus, but which sequence and phylogeny analyses indicated most likely originated from the p10 gene of a bat orthoreovirus. Subgenomic mRNA and cellular-level observations demonstrated that the p10 gene is functional and induces the formation of cell syncytia. Therefore, here we report a putative heterologous inter-family recombination event between a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus and a double-stranded segmented RNA virus, providing insights into the fundamental mechanisms of viral evolution.
2002年严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）以及2012年中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）的出现，引发了人们对冠状病毒的生物多样性、基因组学及跨物种传播潜力的极大兴趣，尤其是对来自蝙蝠的冠状病毒，蝙蝠是哺乳动物中物种第二丰富的目。在此，我们通过泛冠状病毒逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和新一代测序，在埃及果蝠的直肠拭子样本中鉴定出一种新型冠状病毒，暂命名为埃及果蝠冠状病毒GCCDC1（Ro-BatCoV GCCDC1）。尽管该病毒在基因组特征上与埃及果蝠冠状病毒HKU9（Ro-BatCoV HKU9）相似，但根据国际病毒分类委员会（ICTV）定义的标准，它具有足够的独特性，可被归类为一个新物种。更引人注目的是，Ro-BatCoV GCCDC1在基因组3'端包含一个独特基因，该基因在任何已知冠状病毒中均无同源物，但序列和系统发育分析表明，它很可能起源于蝙蝠正呼肠孤病毒的p10基因。亚基因组mRNA和细胞水平观察表明，p10基因具有功能，并能诱导细胞融合形成多核巨细胞。因此，我们在此报告了一种单链正义RNA病毒与双链节段RNA病毒之间可能的异源科间重组事件，为病毒进化的基本机制提供了见解。
