Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331-3804, USA.
Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331-3804, USA
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2017 Jan;41(1):92-107. doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuw038. Epub 2016 Sep 26.
Cooperation and conflict in microorganisms is being recognized as an important factor in the organization and function of microbial communities. Many of the cooperative behaviors described in bacteria are governed through a cell-cell signaling process generally termed quorum sensing. Communication and cooperation in diverse microorganisms exhibit predictable trends that behave according to social evolutionary theory, notably that public goods dilemmas produce selective pressures for divergence in social phenotypes including cheating. In this review, we relate the general features of quorum sensing and social adaptation in microorganisms to established evolutionary theory. We then describe physiological and molecular mechanisms that have been shown to stabilize cooperation in microbes, thereby preventing a tragedy of the commons. Continued study of the role of communication and cooperation in microbial ecology and evolution is important to clinical treatment of pathogens, as well as to our fundamental understanding of cooperative selection at all levels of life.
微生物中的合作与冲突正被视为微生物群落组织和功能的一个重要因素。在细菌中描述的许多合作行为都是通过一种通常称为群体感应的细胞间信号传递过程来控制的。不同微生物中的交流与合作表现出可预测的趋势，这些趋势符合社会进化理论，尤其是公共物品困境会对社会表型的分歧产生选择压力，包括欺骗。在这篇综述中，我们将微生物中群体感应和社会适应的一般特征与已确立的进化理论联系起来。然后，我们描述了已经显示出能够稳定微生物中合作的生理和分子机制，从而防止公地悲剧的发生。继续研究微生物生态学和进化中通讯和合作的作用，对于临床治疗病原体以及我们在生命各个层次上对合作选择的基本理解都很重要。
