Lisa Laurin-Barantke, Jürgen Hoyer, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
World J Psychiatry. 2016 Sep 22;6(3):351-7. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v6.i3.351.
To examine the associations of test anxiety (TA) in written vs oral exam situations with social anxiety (SA).
A convenience sample of 204 students was recruited at the Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden, Germany) and contacted via e-mail asking to complete a cross-sectional online survey based on established questionnaires. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the TU Dresden. Full data of n = 96 students were available for dependent t-tests and correlation analyses on the associations of SA and TA respectively with trigger events, cognitions, safety behaviors, physical symptoms and depersonalization. Analyses were run using SPSS.
Levels of TA were higher for fear in oral exams than for fear in written exams (M = 48.1, SD = 11.5 vs M = 43.7, SD = 10.1 P < 0.001). Oral TA and SA were positively correlated (Spearman's r = 0.343, P < 0.001; Pearson's r = 0.38, P < 0.001) contrasting written TA and SA (Spearman's r = 0.17, P > 0.05; Pearson's r = 0.223, P > 0.05). Compared to written TA, trigger events were more often reported for oral TA (18.2% vs 30.3%, P = 0.007); which was also accompanied more often by test-anxious cognitions (7.9% vs 8.5%, P = 0.001), safety behavior (8.9% vs 10.3%, P < 0.001) and physical symptoms (for all, P < 0.001).
Written, but not oral TA emerged being unrelated to SA and may rather not be considered as a typical facet of SA disorder.
考察书面考试和口头考试情境中的考试焦虑（TA）与社交焦虑（SA）的关联。
在德国德累斯顿工业大学（TU Dresden），通过电子邮件联系了一个方便的 204 名学生样本，邀请他们完成一项基于已建立问卷的横断面在线调查。该研究方案已获得 TU Dresden 伦理委员会的批准。对 n = 96 名学生的完整数据进行了独立样本 t 检验和相关性分析，以分别考察 SA 和 TA 与触发事件、认知、安全行为、身体症状和去人格化的关联。使用 SPSS 进行分析。
口头考试时的 TA 水平高于书面考试时的 TA 水平（M = 48.1，SD = 11.5 与 M = 43.7，SD = 10.1，P < 0.001）。口头 TA 和 SA 呈正相关（Spearman 相关系数为 0.343，P < 0.001；Pearson 相关系数为 0.38，P < 0.001），而书面 TA 和 SA 则无显著相关（Spearman 相关系数为 0.17，P > 0.05；Pearson 相关系数为 0.223，P > 0.05）。与书面 TA 相比，口头 TA 更常报告触发事件（18.2%比 30.3%，P = 0.007）；口头 TA 还伴随着更多的考试焦虑认知（7.9%比 8.5%，P = 0.001）、安全行为（8.9%比 10.3%，P < 0.001）和身体症状（所有情况，P < 0.001）。
书面 TA 与 SA 无关，而不是口头 TA，可能不作为 SA 障碍的典型特征。
