Kim Young-Hoon, Cho Himchan, Lee Tae-Woo
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Oct 18;113(42):11694-11702. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1607471113. Epub 2016 Sep 27.
Twenty years after layer-type metal halide perovskites were successfully developed, 3D metal halide perovskites (shortly, perovskites) were recently rediscovered and are attracting multidisciplinary interest from physicists, chemists, and material engineers. Perovskites have a crystal structure composed of five atoms per unit cell (ABX) with cation A positioned at a corner, metal cation B at the center, and halide anion X at the center of six planes and unique optoelectronic properties determined by the crystal structure. Because of very narrow spectra (full width at half-maximum ≤20 nm), which are insensitive to the crystallite/grain/particle dimension and wide wavelength range (400 nm ≤ λ ≤ 780 nm), perovskites are expected to be promising high-color purity light emitters that overcome inherent problems of conventional organic and inorganic quantum dot emitters. Within the last 2 y, perovskites have already demonstrated their great potential in light-emitting diodes by showing high electroluminescence efficiency comparable to those of organic and quantum dot light-emitting diodes. This article reviews the progress of perovskite emitters in two directions of bulk perovskite polycrystalline films and perovskite nanoparticles, describes current challenges, and suggests future research directions for researchers to encourage them to collaborate and to make a synergetic effect in this rapidly emerging multidisciplinary field.
在层状金属卤化物钙钛矿成功开发二十年后，三维金属卤化物钙钛矿（简称钙钛矿）最近被重新发现，并引起了物理学家、化学家和材料工程师的多学科关注。钙钛矿具有一种晶体结构，每个晶胞由五个原子组成（ABX₃），阳离子A位于角上，金属阳离子B位于中心，卤化物阴离子X位于六个平面的中心，并且具有由晶体结构决定的独特光电特性。由于光谱非常窄（半高宽≤20纳米），对微晶/晶粒/颗粒尺寸不敏感，且波长范围宽（400纳米≤λ≤780纳米），钙钛矿有望成为有前景的高色纯度发光体，克服传统有机和无机量子点发光体的固有问题。在过去两年内，钙钛矿通过展现出与有机和量子点发光二极管相当的高电致发光效率，已经在发光二极管中展示出了巨大潜力。本文回顾了体相钙钛矿多晶薄膜和钙钛矿纳米颗粒两个方向上钙钛矿发光体的进展，描述了当前面临的挑战，并为研究人员提出了未来的研究方向，以鼓励他们在这个迅速兴起的多学科领域进行合作并产生协同效应。
