Forman-Hoffman Valerie L, Hedden Sarra L, Miller Greta Kilmer, Brown Kristen, Teich Judith, Gfroerer Joseph
RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (CBHSQ), 5600 Fishers Lane, Room 2-1090, Rockville, MD 20857, USA.
Addict Behav. 2017 Jan;64:223-228. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.09.003. Epub 2016 Sep 23.
The study compared trends in current and heavy cigarette smoking between adults with and without serious psychological distress (SPD).
This study examined data from 480,024 adults aged 18years or older in the 1998-2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) public use files. SPD is defined as having a Kessler-6 score of 13 or higher in the past month. Trends in the prevalence of current smoking and heavy smoking for 2-year time periods were assessed among those with versus those without SPD using logistic regression; tests of interaction terms determined whether smoking trends differed by SPD status.
The prevalence of current smoking decreased over time among adults without SPD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=0.97, 95% CI=0.97-0.98), but remained stable among adults with SPD (AOR=1.01, 95% CI=0.99-1.03). Both groups had significant declines in heavy smoking over time; however, the rates of decline were greater among adults without versus with SPD (AOR=0.87, 95% CI=0.86-0.88 and AOR=0.91, 95% CI=0.88-0.94, respectively).
The prevalence of current smoking is not declining among adults with SPD, and the prevalence of heavy smoking is not declining as quickly among adults with SPD as compared with those without SPD. Smoking cessation efforts may need to target these populations and tailor programs accordingly.
本研究比较了有严重心理困扰（SPD）和无严重心理困扰的成年人当前吸烟和重度吸烟的趋势。
本研究分析了1998 - 2013年国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）公共使用文件中480,024名18岁及以上成年人的数据。SPD定义为过去一个月凯斯勒6项心理困扰量表（Kessler - 6）得分达到或高于13分。使用逻辑回归评估有SPD和无SPD的成年人在两年时间段内当前吸烟和重度吸烟患病率的趋势；交互项检验确定吸烟趋势是否因SPD状态而异。
无SPD的成年人中当前吸烟患病率随时间下降（调整比值比[AOR]=0.97，95%置信区间[CI]=0.97 - 0.98），但有SPD的成年人中该患病率保持稳定（AOR = 1.01，95% CI = 0.99 - 1.03）。随着时间推移，两组的重度吸烟率均显著下降；然而，无SPD的成年人中重度吸烟率下降幅度大于有SPD的成年人（分别为AOR = 0.87，95% CI = 0.86 - 0.88和AOR = 0.91，95% CI = 0.88 - 0.94）。
有SPD的成年人中当前吸烟患病率没有下降，且与无SPD的成年人相比，有SPD的成年人中重度吸烟患病率下降速度较慢。戒烟努力可能需要针对这些人群并相应地调整计划。
