Yang Tuo, Sun Yang, Lu Zhengyu, Leak Rehana K, Zhang Feng
Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese, Shanghai 200437, China.
Ageing Res Rev. 2017 Mar;34:15-29. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.007. Epub 2016 Sep 28.
As human life expectancy rises, the aged population will increase. Aging is accompanied by changes in tissue structure, often resulting in functional decline. For example, aging within blood vessels contributes to a decrease in blood flow to important organs, potentially leading to organ atrophy and loss of function. In the central nervous system, cerebral vascular aging can lead to loss of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, eventually resulting in cognitive and sensorimotor decline. One of the major of types of cognitive dysfunction due to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). In spite of recent progress in clinical and experimental VCID research, our understanding of vascular contributions to the pathogenesis of VCID is still very limited. In this review, we summarize recent findings on VCID, with a focus on vascular age-related pathologies and their contribution to the development of this condition.
随着人类预期寿命的延长，老年人口将会增加。衰老伴随着组织结构的变化，常常导致功能衰退。例如，血管的老化会导致重要器官的血流量减少，有可能导致器官萎缩和功能丧失。在中枢神经系统中，脑血管老化会导致血脑屏障完整性丧失，最终导致认知和感觉运动功能衰退。由于慢性脑灌注不足导致的主要认知功能障碍类型之一是血管性认知障碍和痴呆（VCID）。尽管最近在临床和实验性VCID研究方面取得了进展，但我们对血管在VCID发病机制中的作用的了解仍然非常有限。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于VCID的最新研究结果，重点关注与血管年龄相关的病理及其对这种疾病发展的影响。
