Saito Masayuki, Yoneshiro Takeshi, Matsushita Mami
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Department of Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo 065-0013, Japan.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Aug;30(4):537-547. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2016.08.003. Epub 2016 Aug 13.
Since the recent re-discovery of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans, this thermogenic tissue has attracted increasing interest. The inverse relationship between the BAT activity and body fatness suggests that BAT, because of its energy dissipating activity, is protective against body fat accumulation. Cold exposure activates and recruits BAT in association with increased energy expenditure and decreased body fatness. The stimulatory effects of cold are mediated through transient receptor potential channels (TRP), most of which are also chemesthetic receptors for various food ingredients. In fact, capsaicin and its analog capsinoids, representative agonists of TRPV1, mimic the effects of cold to decrease body fatness through the activation and recruitment of BAT. The anti-obesity effect of some other food ingredients including tea catechins may also be attributable to the activation of the TRP-BAT axis. Thus, BAT is a promising target for combating obesity and related metabolic disorders in humans.
自从近期在成年人体内重新发现棕色脂肪组织（BAT）以来，这种产热组织已引起越来越多的关注。BAT活性与体脂之间的负相关关系表明，BAT因其能量消耗活动而对体脂积累具有保护作用。冷暴露会激活并募集BAT，同时能量消耗增加，体脂减少。寒冷的刺激作用是通过瞬时受体电位通道（TRP）介导的，其中大多数也是各种食物成分的化学感觉受体。事实上，辣椒素及其类似物辣椒素酯（TRPV1的代表性激动剂）通过激活和募集BAT来模拟寒冷的作用，从而降低体脂。包括茶儿茶素在内的其他一些食物成分的抗肥胖作用也可能归因于TRP-BAT轴的激活。因此，BAT是对抗人类肥胖及相关代谢紊乱的一个有前景的靶点。
