Mestvirishvili Maia, Zurabishvili Tinatin, Iakobidze Tamar, Mestvirishvili Natia
a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University , Tbilisi , Georgia.
b Caucasus Research Resource Center , Tbilisi , Georgia.
J Homosex. 2017;64(9):1253-1282. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2016.1244445. Epub 2016 Oct 4.
The purpose of this study is to determine statistical predictors of homophobic attitudes among the residents of Tbilisi, Georgia. We analyze 2013 survey data from a representative sample of the Tbilisi adult population. Residents were asked about their attitudes, beliefs, and political and social values in the context of the May 17, 2013 attack on LGBT activists on the International Day Against Homophobia and Transphobia (IDAHOT). Findings show that homophobia is significantly predicted by male gender, lower levels of education, acceptance of social inequality, nonliberal attitudes, and perceiving homosexuals as a "threat to national security." However, psychological perceptions and personal experiences also indirectly influence homophobic attitudes: the findings suggest that males report homophobic attitudes more often than females do and tend to be even more homophobic when they believe that homosexuality is inborn rather than acquired. The study also found that people without liberal attitudes tend to be more homophobic when they have personal contacts with homosexuals. This article highlights the need for a more comprehensive approach to education and the promotion of liberal values as well as legal equality for LGBTQ individuals to decrease the level of homophobia in Georgian society and, specifically, in Tbilisi.
本研究的目的是确定格鲁吉亚第比利斯居民中恐同态度的统计预测因素。我们分析了来自第比利斯成年人口代表性样本的2013年调查数据。在2013年5月17日国际反对恐同及跨性别恐惧日（IDAHOT）对 LGBT 活动人士的袭击背景下，询问了居民的态度、信仰以及政治和社会价值观。研究结果表明，男性、低教育水平、接受社会不平等、非自由主义态度以及将同性恋者视为“对国家安全的威胁”会显著预测恐同态度。然而，心理认知和个人经历也会间接影响恐同态度：研究结果表明，男性比女性更常报告恐同态度，并且当他们认为同性恋是天生而非后天形成时，往往更恐同。研究还发现，没有自由主义态度的人在与同性恋者有个人接触时往往更恐同。本文强调需要采取更全面的教育方法，促进自由主义价值观以及 LGBTQ 个体的法律平等，以降低格鲁吉亚社会，特别是第比利斯的恐同程度。
