Department of Psychology, Cátedra de Cooperación al Desarrollo, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Apr 8;16(7):1243. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16071243.
Bullying and discrimination seriously damage the development and health of adolescents with non-heteronormative sexual orientation. Adolescents from sexual minorities are more likely to be the object of bullying. This research aims to know more about the prevalence, frequency, and some associated factors and predictors of homophobic victimization in adolescents, depending on their sexual orientation. A total of 820 Secondary Schools students took part in this study (average age = 14.87; SD = 1.72; 48.3% were boys and 51.7% were girls) by filling in a self-report questionnaire. The results showed that adolescents suffer homophobic victimization, regardless of their sexual orientation; however, homosexuals and bisexuals suffered it more frequently than heterosexuals. Homophobic victimization could be associated-in heterosexuals and people with doubts about their sexual orientation, positively with bullying victimization, bullying aggression and cyberbullying aggression. Homophobic victimization could be predicted-in heterosexuals, positively due to self-depreciation, and negatively due to communication and relationship skills; and in homosexuals and bisexuals, positively, because of affective empathy. The results are discussed and new lines of study and intervention are proposed.
欺凌和歧视严重损害了非异性恋性取向青少年的发展和健康。性少数群体的青少年更容易成为欺凌的对象。本研究旨在更深入地了解青少年中基于性取向的恐同受害现象的普遍性、频率以及一些相关因素和预测因素。共有 820 名中学生（平均年龄=14.87；标准差=1.72；48.3%为男生，51.7%为女生）通过填写自我报告问卷参与了这项研究。结果表明，无论其性取向如何，青少年都会遭受恐同受害；然而，同性恋者和双性恋者比异性恋者遭受的频率更高。在异性恋者和对自己性取向存疑的人中，恐同受害与欺凌受害、欺凌攻击和网络欺凌攻击呈正相关。在异性恋者中，由于自我贬低，恐同受害呈正相关，而由于沟通和人际关系技巧，恐同受害呈负相关；在同性恋者和双性恋者中，由于情感同理心，恐同受害呈正相关。讨论了这些结果，并提出了新的研究和干预方向。
