Vilajeliu-Pons Anna, Bañeras Lluis, Puig Sebastià, Molognoni Daniele, Vilà-Rovira Albert, Hernández-Del Amo Elena, Balaguer Maria D, Colprim Jesús
LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
Molecular Microbial Ecology Group, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
PLoS One. 2016 Oct 4;11(10):e0164044. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164044. eCollection 2016.
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can be designed to combine water treatment with concomitant electricity production. Animal manure treatment has been poorly explored using MFCs, and its implementation at full-scale primarily relies on the bacterial distribution and activity within the treatment cell. This study reports the bacterial community changes at four positions within the anode of two almost identically operated MFCs fed swine manure. Changes in the microbiome structure are described according to the MFC fluid dynamics and the application of a maximum power point tracking system (MPPT) compared to a fixed resistance system (Ref-MFC). Both external resistance and cell hydrodynamics are thought to heavily influence MFC performance. The microbiome was characterised both quantitatively (qPCR) and qualitatively (454-pyrosequencing) by targeting bacterial 16S rRNA genes. The diversity of the microbial community in the MFC biofilm was reduced and differed from the influent swine manure. The adopted electric condition (MPPT vs fixed resistance) was more relevant than the fluid dynamics in shaping the MFC microbiome. MPPT control positively affected bacterial abundance and promoted the selection of putatively exoelectrogenic bacteria in the MFC core microbiome (Sedimentibacter sp. and gammaproteobacteria). These differences in the microbiome may be responsible for the two-fold increase in power production achieved by the MPPT-MFC compared to the Ref-MFC.
微生物燃料电池（MFCs）可以设计成将水处理与发电相结合。利用MFCs处理动物粪便的研究较少，其大规模应用主要依赖于处理池中细菌的分布和活性。本研究报告了两个以猪粪为原料、运行方式几乎相同的MFCs阳极内四个位置的细菌群落变化。根据MFC的流体动力学以及与固定电阻系统（Ref-MFC）相比最大功率点跟踪系统（MPPT）的应用，描述了微生物群落结构的变化。外部电阻和电池流体动力学都被认为对MFC性能有重大影响。通过靶向细菌16S rRNA基因，对微生物群落进行了定量（qPCR）和定性（454焦磷酸测序）分析。MFC生物膜中微生物群落的多样性降低，且与进水猪粪不同。在塑造MFC微生物群落方面，采用的电条件（MPPT与固定电阻）比流体动力学更重要。MPPT控制对细菌丰度有积极影响，并促进了MFC核心微生物群落中假定的产电细菌（Sedimentibacter sp.和γ-变形菌）的选择。与Ref-MFC相比，MPPT-MFC发电量增加了两倍，微生物群落的这些差异可能是造成这一现象的原因。
