Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0656, USA.
Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0656, USA.
Nat Commun. 2016 Oct 5;7:12806. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12806.
The instability of hybrid perovskite materials due to water and moisture arises as one major challenge to be addressed before any practical application of the demonstrated high efficiency perovskite solar cells. Here we report a facile strategy that can simultaneously enhance the stability and efficiency of p-i-n planar heterojunction-structure perovskite devices. Crosslinkable silane molecules with hydrophobic functional groups are bonded onto fullerene to make the fullerene layer highly water-resistant. Methylammonium iodide is introduced in the fullerene layer for n-doping via anion-induced electron transfer, resulting in dramatically increased conductivity over 100-fold. With crosslinkable silane-functionalized and doped fullerene electron transport layer, the perovskite devices deliver an efficiency of 19.5% with a high fill factor of 80.6%. A crosslinked silane-modified fullerene layer also enhances the water and moisture stability of the non-sealed perovskite devices by retaining nearly 90% of their original efficiencies after 30 days' exposure in an ambient environment.
钙钛矿材料的不稳定性由于水和湿气是一个主要的挑战，在任何实际应用之前，展示高效率的钙钛矿太阳能电池。在这里，我们报告了一种简便的策略，可以同时提高稳定性和效率的 p-i-n 平面异质结结构钙钛矿器件。可交联硅烷分子与疏水性官能团键合到富勒烯，使富勒烯层具有高耐水性。碘化甲铵被引入富勒烯层进行 n 掺杂通过阴离子诱导的电子转移，导致电导率显著增加超过 100 倍。具有可交联硅烷功能化和掺杂富勒烯电子传输层，钙钛矿器件提供了 19.5%的效率和 80.6%的高填充因子。交联硅烷改性富勒烯层也增强了非密封钙钛矿器件的水和湿气稳定性保留近 90%的原始效率后 30 天的暴露在环境中。
