Development of the first polymorphic microsatellite markers for the Roman snail Helix pomatia L., 1758 (Helicidae) and cross-species amplification within the genus Helix.

The terrestrial snail Helix pomatia (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Helicidae) is one of the largest gastropod species in Europe. This species is strictly protected in some European Union countries; however, at the same time, it is also farmed and commercialized for human consumption. Here, we describe 11 microsatellite markers that are very useful in population genetic studies for assessing the status of both wild and farmed populations of this species of community interest. The microsatellites were isolated using 454 pyrosequencing technologies and 11 primer pairs were selected and used for genotyping an H. pomatia population and also checked for cross-species amplification on H. lucorum and H. lutescens specimens. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 13 and observed heterozygosity was between 0.458 and 0.917. Seven of these loci were polymorphic in H. lucorum, and four in H. lutescens. This set of nuclear markers provides a powerful tool for population genetic studies of this species of community interest, and also for closely related species. The described microsatellite markers should also facilitate the identification of populations of conservation concern.