Smith Alexandra E, Dalecki Stefan J, Crystal Jonathon D
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405-7007, USA.
Anim Cogn. 2017 Mar;20(2):215-220. doi: 10.1007/s10071-016-1040-z. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
Rats retain source memory (memory for the origin of information) over a retention interval of at least 1 week, whereas their spatial working memory (radial maze locations) decays within approximately 1 day. We have argued that different forgetting functions dissociate memory systems. However, the two tasks, in our previous work, used different reward values. The source memory task used multiple pellets of a preferred food flavor (chocolate), whereas the spatial working memory task provided access to a single pellet of standard chow-flavored food at each location. Thus, according to the reward-value hypothesis, enhanced performance in the source memory task stems from enhanced encoding/memory of a preferred reward. We tested the reward-value hypothesis by using a standard 8-arm radial maze task to compare spatial working memory accuracy of rats rewarded with either multiple chocolate or chow pellets at each location using a between-subjects design. The reward-value hypothesis predicts superior accuracy for high-valued rewards. We documented equivalent spatial memory accuracy for high- and low-value rewards. Importantly, a 24-h retention interval produced equivalent spatial working memory accuracy for both flavors. These data are inconsistent with the reward-value hypothesis and suggest that reward value does not explain our earlier findings that source memory survives unusually long retention intervals.
大鼠在至少1周的保持间隔内保留源记忆(对信息来源的记忆),而它们的空间工作记忆(放射状迷宫位置)在大约1天内衰退。我们认为不同的遗忘功能可区分记忆系统。然而,在我们之前的研究中,这两项任务使用了不同的奖励值。源记忆任务使用了多颗偏好食物口味(巧克力)的小丸,而空间工作记忆任务在每个位置仅提供获取一颗标准食物口味(普通食物)小丸的机会。因此,根据奖励值假说,源记忆任务中表现的增强源于对偏好奖励的增强编码/记忆。我们通过使用标准的八臂放射状迷宫任务来检验奖励值假说,采用组间设计比较在每个位置给予大鼠多颗巧克力或普通食物小丸奖励时的空间工作记忆准确性。奖励值假说预测高价值奖励具有更高的准确性。我们记录了高价值和低价值奖励的等效空间记忆准确性。重要的是,24小时的保持间隔对两种口味产生了等效的空间工作记忆准确性。这些数据与奖励值假说不一致,并表明奖励值无法解释我们早期的发现,即源记忆在异常长的保持间隔后仍能留存。