JAK/STAT 信号通路在神经炎症性疾病中固有免疫调节中的作用。
Role of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in regulation of innate immunity in neuroinflammatory diseases.
机构信息
Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
出版信息
Clin Immunol. 2018 Apr;189:4-13. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.09.014. Epub 2016 Oct 3.
Abstract
The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is utilized by numerous cytokines and interferons, and is essential for the development and function of both innate and adaptive immunity. Aberrant activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is evident in neuroinflammatory diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease. Innate immunity is the front line defender of the immune system and is composed of various cell types, including microglia, macrophages and neutrophils. Innate immune responses have both pathogenic and protective roles in neuroinflammation, depending on disease context and the microenvironment in the central nervous system. In this review, we discuss the role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases, how the JAK/STAT signaling pathway regulates the innate immune response, and finally, the potential for ameliorating neuroinflammation by utilization of JAK/STAT inhibitors.
摘要
Janus 激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子（JAK/STAT）信号通路被多种细胞因子和干扰素利用，对于先天免疫和适应性免疫的发育和功能至关重要。JAK/STAT 通路的异常激活在多发性硬化症和帕金森病等神经炎症性疾病中很明显。先天免疫是免疫系统的第一道防线，由多种细胞类型组成，包括小胶质细胞、巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞。先天免疫反应在神经炎症中具有致病性和保护作用，这取决于疾病的背景和中枢神经系统的微环境。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了先天免疫在神经炎症性疾病发病机制中的作用，JAK/STAT 信号通路如何调节先天免疫反应，以及最后，利用 JAK/STAT 抑制剂改善神经炎症的潜力。
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