Yuguero Oriol, Ramon Marsal Josep, Esquerda Montserrat, Vivanco Luis, Soler-González Jorge
a Primary Care, Lleida Health Region , Spain.
b Support Unit , Primary Care Research Institute (IDIAP) Jordi Gol. Autonomous University of Barcelona , Lleida , Catalonia , Spain.
Eur J Gen Pract. 2017 Dec;23(1):4-10. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2016.1233173. Epub 2016 Oct 10.
Burnout is a growing problem among healthcare professionals and may be mitigated and even prevented by measures designed to promote empathy and resilience.
We studied the association between burnout and empathy in primary care practitioners in Lleida, Spain and investigated possible differences according to age, sex, profession, and place of practice (urban versus rural).
All general practitioners (GPs) and family nurses in the health district of Lleida (population 366 000) were asked by email to anonymously complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) between May and July 2014. Tool consistency was evaluated by Cronbach's α, the association between empathy and burnout by Spearman's correlation coefficient, and the association between burnout and empathy and sociodemographic variables by the χ test.
One hundred and thirty-six GPs and 131 nurses (52.7% response rate) from six urban and 16 rural practices participated (78.3% women); 33.3% of respondents had low empathy, while 3.7% had high burnout. The MBI and JSPE were correlated (P < .001) and low burnout was associated with high empathy (P < .05). Age and sex had no influence on burnout or empathy.
Although burnout was relatively uncommon in our sample, it was associated with low levels of empathy. This finding and our observation of lower empathy levels in rural settings require further investigation. [Box: see text].
职业倦怠在医疗保健专业人员中是一个日益严重的问题，旨在促进同理心和恢复力的措施可能会减轻甚至预防这种情况。
我们研究了西班牙莱里达初级保健从业者的职业倦怠与同理心之间的关联，并调查了根据年龄、性别、职业和执业地点（城市与农村）可能存在的差异。
2014年5月至7月期间，通过电子邮件邀请莱里达健康区（人口36.6万）的所有全科医生（GP）和家庭护士匿名完成马氏职业倦怠量表（MBI）和杰斐逊医生同理心量表（JSPE）。通过克朗巴哈α系数评估工具的一致性，通过斯皮尔曼相关系数评估同理心与职业倦怠之间的关联，通过χ检验评估职业倦怠、同理心与社会人口学变量之间的关联。
来自6个城市和16个农村诊所的136名全科医生和131名护士（回复率52.7%）参与了研究（78.3%为女性）；33.3%的受访者同理心较低，而3.7%的受访者职业倦怠程度较高。MBI和JSPE具有相关性（P < 0.001），低职业倦怠与高同理心相关（P < 0.05）。年龄和性别对职业倦怠或同理心没有影响。
尽管在我们的样本中职业倦怠相对不常见，但它与同理心水平较低有关。这一发现以及我们在农村地区观察到的较低同理心水平需要进一步研究。[方框：见正文]
