Boyle Sarah C, LaBrie Joseph W, Costine Lauren D, Witkovic Yong D
Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, United States.
Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, United States.
Addict Behav. 2017 Feb;65:51-55. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.10.001. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
Sexual minority stress experiences (e.g. prejudice, victimization, etc.) and peer substance use norms (e.g. peers' frequency of use and quantity consumed) are important correlates of alcohol and drug use in sexual minority populations. The current study incorporates both of these by examining LGB individuals' perceptions of peers' use of alcohol and other drugs to cope with a sexual minority stressor, and whether perceptions of peer coping norms relate to one's own coping-motivated substance use in response to the stressor. Three-hundred and seven sexual minority males and females who identified as gay, lesbian, or bisexual completed an online survey approximately 1month following the Pulse Nightclub Shooting, the deadliest incident of violence against LGBT people in U.S. history, and a stressor experienced within LGB communities throughout the U.S. Results revealed that LGB peers were widely perceived as likely to have coped with alcohol (68%) and drugs (41%) following the Pulse Shooting; however only small proportions of participants themselves reported coping with alcohol (26%) and drugs (7%). Further, multivariate models revealed that even after controlling for other factors including the stress impact of the Pulse shooting, the odds of using alcohol to cope with this event were 15 times greater among participants who held the perception that LGB peers likely used alcohol to cope relative to those who did not share this perception. Similarly, the odds of using drugs to cope with this event were 9 times greater among participants who perceived LGB peers likely to use drugs to cope with Pulse compared to those who did not. Importantly, these findings suggest that personalized normative feedback designed to correct perceptions of peers' coping motivated substance use may have utility as a motivational component in larger interventions seeking to reduce LGBs' substance use.
性少数群体的压力经历(如偏见、受害等)以及同伴物质使用规范(如同伴的使用频率和消费量)是性少数群体中酒精和药物使用的重要相关因素。本研究将这两个因素结合起来,考察男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋(LGB)个体对同伴使用酒精和其他药物以应对性少数群体压力源的看法,以及对同伴应对规范的看法是否与自身为应对压力源而产生的物质使用有关。307名自我认同为男同性恋、女同性恋或双性恋的性少数群体男性和女性在奥兰多脉动夜总会枪击案发生后约1个月完成了一项在线调查。该枪击案是美国历史上针对 LGBT 人群最致命的暴力事件,也是美国各地 LGB 社区都经历过的一个压力源。结果显示,LGB 同伴被广泛认为在脉动夜总会枪击案后可能使用酒精(68%)和药物(41%)来应对;然而,只有一小部分参与者自己报告使用酒精(26%)和药物(7%)来应对。此外,多变量模型显示,即使在控制了包括脉动夜总会枪击案的压力影响等其他因素之后,那些认为 LGB 同伴可能使用酒精来应对该事件的参与者,使用酒精来应对这一事件的几率是那些没有这种看法的参与者的15倍。同样,那些认为 LGB 同伴可能使用药物来应对脉动夜总会枪击案的参与者,使用药物来应对这一事件的几率是那些没有这种看法的参与者的9倍。重要的是,这些发现表明,旨在纠正对同伴因应对压力而使用物质的看法的个性化规范反馈,可能作为一种激励因素,在旨在减少 LGB 群体物质使用的更大规模干预措施中发挥作用。