Kent K, Charlton K E, Netzel M, Fanning K
School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2017 Jun;30(3):260-274. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12431. Epub 2016 Oct 11.
Preclinical evidence suggests that the anthocyanins, which comprise a subclass of dietary flavonoids providing the purple and red pigmentation in plant-based foods, may have a beneficial impact on cognitive outcomes.
A systematic review was conducted to identify the published literature on food-based anthocyanin consumption and cognitive outcomes in human intervention trials. The literature search followed PRISMA guidelines and included six databases, as well as additional hand searching.
Seven studies were included in this review, comprising acute trials (n = 4) and longer-term (n = 3) interventions that assessed multiple cognitive outcomes in children, adults and older adults with cognitive impairment. Six of seven studies reported improvements in either a single, or multiple, cognitive outcomes, including verbal learning and memory, after anthocyanin-rich food consumption. As a result of methodological limitations and the large clinical and methodological diversity of the studies, the pooling of data for quantitative analysis was not feasible.
The impact of food-based anthocyanin consumption on both acute and long-term cognition appears promising. However, adequately powered studies that include sensitive cognitive tasks are needed to confirm these findings and allow the translation of research into dietary messages.
临床前证据表明，花青素作为膳食类黄酮的一个亚类，赋予植物性食物紫色和红色色素沉着，可能对认知结果产生有益影响。
进行了一项系统评价，以确定关于人类干预试验中基于食物的花青素摄入量与认知结果的已发表文献。文献检索遵循PRISMA指南，包括六个数据库，并进行了额外的手工检索。
本评价纳入了七项研究，包括急性试验（n = 4）和长期干预试验（n = 3），这些试验评估了认知功能受损的儿童、成人和老年人的多种认知结果。七项研究中有六项报告称，食用富含花青素的食物后，单一或多种认知结果有所改善，包括言语学习和记忆。由于方法学上的局限性以及研究在临床和方法学上的巨大差异，进行定量分析的数据合并不可行。
食用基于食物的花青素对急性和长期认知的影响似乎很有前景。然而，需要有足够样本量且包含敏感认知任务的研究来证实这些发现，并将研究成果转化为饮食建议。
