Ncube Efficient N, Steenkamp Paul A, Madala Ntakadzeni E, Dubery Ian A
Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg Auckland Park, South Africa.
Department of Biochemistry, University of JohannesburgAuckland Park, South Africa; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Biosciences, Natural Products and Agroprocessing GroupPretoria, South Africa.
Front Plant Sci. 2016 Sep 28;7:1469. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01469. eCollection 2016.
is a perrenial herb that grows in tropical regions with numerous medicinal properties mostly attributed to the presence of pentacyclic triterpenoids. Interestingly, this plant also possess a significant amount of phenylpropanoid-derived chlorogenic acids (CGAs) that have recently been reported to confer neuroprotective properties. In a biotechnological attempt to increase the biosynthesis of CGA-derivatives in cultured cells, acibenzolar--methyl was applied as a xenobiotic inducer in combination with quinic acid and shikimic acid as precursor molecules. Applying a semi-targeted metabolomics-based approach, time and concentration studies were undertaken to evaluate the effect of the manipulation on cellular metabolism leading to CGA production. Phytochemical extracts were prepared using methanol and analyzed using a UHPLC-qTOF-MS platform. Data was processed and analyzed using multivariate data models. A total of four CGA-derivatives, annotated as -5-feruloylquinic acid, 3,5 di-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5--dicaffeoyl-4--malonylquinic acid (irbic acid) and 3-caffeoyl, 5-feruloylquinic acid, were found to be upregulated by the acibenzolar--methyl treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the induction of CGA derivatives in this species. Contrary to expectations, the effects of precursor molecules on the levels of the CGAs were insignificant. However, a total of 16 metabolites, including CGA derivatives, were up-regulated by precursor treatment. Therefore, this study shows potential to biotechnologically manipulate cells to increase the production of these health beneficial CGAs.
是一种生长在热带地区的多年生草本植物，具有多种药用特性，主要归因于五环三萜类化合物的存在。有趣的是，这种植物还含有大量苯丙烷类衍生的绿原酸（CGAs），最近有报道称这些绿原酸具有神经保护特性。在一项生物技术尝试中，为了增加培养细胞中CGA衍生物的生物合成，将苯并噻二唑 - 甲基作为一种外源诱导剂与奎尼酸和莽草酸作为前体分子联合使用。采用基于半靶向代谢组学的方法，进行了时间和浓度研究，以评估这种操作对导致CGA产生的细胞代谢的影响。使用甲醇制备植物化学提取物，并使用UHPLC - qTOF - MS平台进行分析。数据使用多变量数据模型进行处理和分析。总共发现四种CGA衍生物，分别注释为 - 5 - 阿魏酰奎尼酸、3,5 - 二咖啡酰奎尼酸、3,5 - 二咖啡酰 - 4 - 丙二酰奎尼酸（异绿原酸）和3 - 咖啡酰，5 - 阿魏酰奎尼酸，在苯并噻二唑 - 甲基处理后上调。据我们所知，这是关于该物种中CGA衍生物诱导的首次报道。与预期相反，前体分子对CGAs水平的影响不显著。然而，包括CGA衍生物在内的总共16种代谢物在前体处理后上调。因此，本研究显示了通过生物技术操纵细胞以增加这些对健康有益的CGAs产量的潜力。
