Crespo M Carmen, Visioli Francesco
Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) - Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid. Spain.
Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
Curr Pharm Des. 2017;23(7):983-988. doi: 10.2174/1381612822666161010120523.
Some epidemiological studies suggest that increased consumption of anthocyanins is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension. Also, high consumption of anthocyanin-rich fruit, such as berries, is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this review, we briefly yet critically assess the available evidence in support of an anti-diabetic role of anthocyanins derived from berries, especially bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L., also known as European blueberry, whortleberry, huckleberry and blaeberry) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum, native to the United States). Further, cellular and molecular mechanisms are discussed and the "pharma-nutrition" use of anthocyanin-based preparations for the prevention and treatment of T2D is examined. We conclude that animal and in vitro studies strongly indicate that bilberry and blueberry have the potential to ameliorate T2D and its cardio-metabolic outcomes. However, appropriate clinical trials are lacking and will eventually clarify whether these foods (either as such or formulated as nutraceuticals) might be added to the current pharma-nutritional armamentarium.
一些流行病学研究表明，花青素摄入量的增加与心血管疾病（CVD）和高血压风险降低相关。此外，大量食用富含花青素的水果，如浆果，与患2型糖尿病（T2D）的风险降低有关。在本综述中，我们简要而批判性地评估了现有证据，以支持源自浆果的花青素的抗糖尿病作用，特别是欧洲越橘（Vaccinium myrtillus L.，也称为欧洲蓝莓、越橘、黑果越橘和矮越橘）和蓝莓（Vaccinium corymbosum，原产于美国）。此外，还讨论了细胞和分子机制，并研究了基于花青素的制剂在预防和治疗T2D方面的“药物营养”用途。我们得出结论，动物和体外研究有力地表明，欧洲越橘和蓝莓有改善T2D及其心脏代谢结局的潜力。然而，缺乏适当的临床试验，最终将阐明这些食物（无论是原样还是制成营养保健品）是否可以添加到当前的药物营养手段中。
