1984 - 1986年美国工作场所窒息和中毒致死情况
Deaths from asphyxiation and poisoning at work in the United States 1984-6.
作者信息
Suruda A, Agnew J
机构信息
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
出版信息
Br J Ind Med. 1989 Aug;46(8):541-6. doi: 10.1136/oem.46.8.541.
A review of 4756 deaths investigated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in 1984-6 found 233 deaths from asphyxiation and poisoning, excluding asphyxiations from trench cave-ins. The highest rates were in the oil and gas industry and in utilities. Toxic gases were the largest group (65) followed by simple asphyxiants (48), mechanical causes (42), and solvents (35). Deaths from solvents were significantly more likely in young workers. Nine deaths were caused by improper air supply to respirators and five by recreational inhalation of gas or vapours. Of the 146 deaths in confined spaces, only 12% were in rescuers, fewer than previously reported.
对美国职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）在1984年至1986年间调查的4756起死亡事件进行的回顾发现，有233起死亡是由窒息和中毒导致的，不包括因沟渠坍塌造成的窒息。死亡率最高的是石油和天然气行业以及公用事业。有毒气体是最大的类别（65起），其次是单纯性窒息剂（48起）、机械原因（42起）和溶剂（35起）。溶剂导致的死亡在年轻工人中更为常见。有9起死亡是由于呼吸器供气不当造成的，5起是由于娱乐性吸入气体或蒸汽造成的。在146起密闭空间死亡事件中，只有12%是救援人员，比之前报告的要少。
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