Oliver Gretchen D, Plummer Hillary, Brambeck Allison
School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn AL, USA.
Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2016 Oct;11(5):738-745.
Range of motion deficits at the hip and glenohumeral joint (GHJ) may contribute to the incidence of injury in softball players. With injury in softball players on the rise, softball related studies in the literature are important. The purpose of this study was to examine hip and GHJ passive range of motion (PROM) patterns in collegiate softball players.
It was hypothesized that the position players would exhibit significantly different PROM patterns than pitchers. Additionally, position players would exhibit significantly different side-to-side differences in PROM for both the hip and GHJ compared to pitchers.
Prospective cohort study.
Forty-nine collegiate softball players (19.63 ± 1.15 years; 170.88 ± 8.08 cm; 72.96 ± 19.41 kg) participated. Passive hip and GHJ internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) measures were assessed. Glenohumeral PROM was measured with the participants supine with the arm abducted to 90 °. The measurements were recorded when the scapula began to move or a firm capsular end-feel was achieved. The hip was positioned in 90 ° of flexion and passively rotated until a capsular end-feel was achieved. Total PROM was calculated by taking the sum of IR and ER for both the hip and GHJ.
No significant side-to-side PROM differences were observed in pitchers, at the GHJ or hip joint. Position players throwing side hip IR was significantly greater than the non-throwing side hip (p = 0.002). The non-throwing side hip had significantly greater ER compared to the throwing side hip (p = 0.002). When examining side-to-side differences at the GHJ, IR was significantly greater in the non-throwing shoulder (p = 0.047). No significant differences in total range of motion of the hip and GHJ were observed.
In the current study, position players displayed side-to-side differences in hip and GHJ IR PROM while no statistically significant differences were observed in the softball pitchers. The findings of the current study add to the body of literature related to PROM in throwing athletes, additionally these are the first hip IR and ER PROM data presented in softball players.
Level 3.
髋关节和盂肱关节（GHJ）的活动度不足可能会导致垒球运动员受伤。随着垒球运动员受伤率的上升，文献中与垒球相关的研究变得很重要。本研究的目的是检查大学垒球运动员的髋关节和GHJ的被动活动度（PROM）模式。
假设内场手的PROM模式与投手有显著差异。此外，与投手相比，内场手在髋关节和GHJ的PROM中左右侧差异也会显著不同。
前瞻性队列研究。
49名大学垒球运动员（19.63±1.15岁；170.88±8.08厘米；72.96±19.41千克）参与了研究。评估了髋关节和GHJ的被动内旋（IR）和外旋（ER）测量值。测量盂肱关节PROM时，参与者仰卧，手臂外展至90°。当肩胛骨开始移动或达到坚实的关节囊终末感时记录测量值。髋关节处于90°屈曲位并被动旋转，直到达到关节囊终末感。通过计算髋关节和GHJ的IR和ER之和得出总PROM。
在投手中，未观察到GHJ或髋关节左右侧PROM有显著差异。内场手投掷侧髋关节的IR显著大于非投掷侧髋关节（p = 0.002）。非投掷侧髋关节的ER显著大于投掷侧髋关节（p = 0.002）。检查GHJ的左右侧差异时，非投掷侧肩部的IR显著更大（p = 0.047）。未观察到髋关节和GHJ总活动度有显著差异。
在本研究中中，内场手在髋关节和GHJ的IR PROM中表现出左右侧差异，而在垒球投手中未观察到统计学上的显著差异。本研究结果补充了与投掷运动员PROM相关的文献，此外，这些是首次呈现的垒球运动员髋关节IR和ER PROM数据。
3级。
