Śmiałek M, Tykałowski B, Pestka D, Welenc J, Stenzel T, Koncicki A
Pol J Vet Sci. 2016 Sep 1;19(3):509-518. doi: 10.1515/pjvs-2016-0064.
Maternally derived antibodies (MDA) don not protect turkeys against rhinotracheitis (TRT) but high MDA influences upper respiratory tract (URT) immunity stimulation after avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) vaccination. Humoral immunity can not be considered as an indicator of protection against TRT, but specific antibodies inhibit aMPV replication and alleviate the course of TRT. Scarce reports indicate the role of IgA in protection against TRT. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of MDA on stimulation, antigen specificity acquisition of B lymphocytes, and the production of specific IgA after TRT vaccination of turkeys. The results of our study indicate that MDA on the day of TRT vaccination causes disturbances at different levels of specific humoral immunity expression including antigen specificity acquisition of B IgA+ lymphocytes as well as production and secretion of IgA. Vaccine immunity against aMPV associated with sIgA is well expressed in birds not possessing MDA on the day of TRT vaccination, whereas it is inhibited in MDA+ birds. These results corroborate our previous findings and indicate that MDA could be responsible for TRT vaccination failure. These findings could explain the observed frequency of TRT field outbreaks despite aMPV vaccination of turkey flocks.
母源抗体（MDA）不能保护火鸡免受鼻气管炎（TRT）感染，但高浓度的MDA会影响禽偏肺病毒（aMPV）疫苗接种后上呼吸道（URT）免疫刺激。体液免疫不能被视为抵抗TRT的保护指标，但特异性抗体可抑制aMPV复制并减轻TRT病程。鲜有报道指出IgA在抵抗TRT中的作用。我们研究的目的是调查MDA对火鸡接种TRT疫苗后B淋巴细胞刺激、抗原特异性获得以及特异性IgA产生的影响。我们的研究结果表明，TRT疫苗接种当天的MDA会在特异性体液免疫表达的不同水平引起干扰，包括B IgA+淋巴细胞的抗原特异性获得以及IgA的产生和分泌。与分泌型IgA（sIgA）相关的针对aMPV的疫苗免疫在TRT疫苗接种当天不具有MDA的鸟类中表达良好，而在MDA阳性鸟类中则受到抑制。这些结果证实了我们之前的发现，并表明MDA可能是TRT疫苗接种失败的原因。这些发现可以解释尽管对火鸡群进行了aMPV疫苗接种，但仍观察到TRT田间疫情爆发的频率。
