Śmiałek Marcin, Tykałowski Bartłomiej, Dziewulska Daria, Kowalczyk Joanna, Koncicki Andrzej
Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
J Vet Res. 2020 Jun 16;64(2):239-245. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0040. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Despite vaccination against avian metapneumoviruses (aMPV), cases of turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT) caused by aMPV field strains are frequently reported. Differences have been shown in the level of immune system stimulation after aMPV vaccination between turkeys that do and do not possess specific anti-aMPV maternally derived antibodies (MDA). The article describes the influence of MDA on the production of IFNγ in the spleen of aMPV-vaccinated turkeys.
MDA+ or MDA- turkeys were vaccinated against TRT after hatching or on the 14 day of life. Spleen samples were collected 3, 7, and 14 days post vaccination for mononuclear cell isolation. Real-time PCR, flow cytometry, and the enzyme-linked immunospot assay were used to evaluate the levels of IFNγ gene expression, production, and secretion by cells within the spleen samples.
Increased IFNγ gene expression was noticed after vaccination only in birds that did not possess MDA or possessed MDA at relatively low level (MDA+ birds vaccinated at 14 DOL). In all birds, an increased percentage of T lymphocytes producing IFNγ was recorded. The proportion of anti-aMPV IFNγ-secreting cells was increased only in MDA- birds.
Besides having a protective role, MDA are known to interfere with vaccination efficacy. The analysis of our results confirms that MDA can decrease the level of immune system stimulation after aMPV vaccination of turkeys.
尽管已接种禽偏肺病毒（aMPV）疫苗，但由aMPV野毒株引起的火鸡鼻气管炎（TRT）病例仍时有报道。在拥有和不拥有特定抗aMPV母源抗体（MDA）的火鸡之间，aMPV疫苗接种后免疫系统刺激水平存在差异。本文描述了MDA对aMPV疫苗接种火鸡脾脏中IFNγ产生的影响。
MDA阳性或MDA阴性的火鸡在孵化后或出生后第14天接种TRT疫苗。在接种后3、7和14天采集脾脏样本以分离单核细胞。采用实时PCR、流式细胞术和酶联免疫斑点试验评估脾脏样本中细胞的IFNγ基因表达水平、产生量和分泌量。
仅在不具有MDA或MDA水平相对较低的鸟类（14日龄时接种的MDA阳性鸟类）接种疫苗后，观察到IFNγ基因表达增加。在所有鸟类中，产生IFNγ的T淋巴细胞百分比均有所增加。仅在MDA阴性鸟类中，分泌抗aMPV IFNγ的细胞比例增加。
MDA除具有保护作用外，还已知会干扰疫苗接种效果。对我们结果的分析证实，MDA可降低火鸡接种aMPV疫苗后免疫系统的刺激水平。
