Huicochea-Gómez Laura, Sievert Lynnette Leidy, Cahuich-Campos Diana, Brown Daniel E
1Department of Society y Culture, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR) Unidad Campeche, Campeche, Mexico 2Department of Anthropology, UMass Amherst, Amherst, MA 3Department of Anthropology, UH Hilo, Hilo, HI.
Menopause. 2017 Jan;24(1):52-63. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000725.
The purpose of this study was to better understand the experience of calores (hot flashes) in the state of Campeche, Mexico, and characteristics of women's lives. This study was carried out to understand the sociocultural context of women's lives before conducting a larger semistructured survey in the same communities.
Eighty-five women from rural and urban settings participated in open-ended interviews about the menopausal transition, with particular attention to hot flashes. Univariate and logistic regression analyses identified potential determinants of hot flashes. Qualitative responses were analyzed for central themes from the 40 women who experienced "calores" associated with menopause at the time of interview.
The word "calores" was used to describe a variety of sensations and experiences related to the hot climate, infections, going in and out of air-conditioning, emotional stress, and physical exertion, as well as the symptom associated with menopause. In quantitative analyses, the likelihood of experiencing hot flashes varied by menopause status and rural/urban residence. In qualitative analyses, themes that characterized the lives of women with hot flashes were as follows: the search for, and the availability of, biomedical care; presence or absence of networks of social support; marital status and quality of the relationship; and occupational stress.
Hot flash questionnaires can elicit different symptom frequencies depending on the language used and the sociocultural context of women's lives. Qualitative findings suggest that the themes most likely to influence the perception and experience of hot flashes in Campeche are biomedicine, social support, marriage, and stress.
本研究旨在更深入了解墨西哥坎佩切州潮热的经历以及女性的生活特征。在同一社区进行更大规模的半结构化调查之前，开展本研究以了解女性生活的社会文化背景。
85名来自农村和城市的女性参与了关于绝经过渡的开放式访谈，特别关注潮热情况。单因素和逻辑回归分析确定了潮热的潜在决定因素。对访谈时经历与绝经相关“潮热”的40名女性的定性回答进行了核心主题分析。
“潮热”一词被用来描述与炎热气候、感染、进出空调环境、情绪压力、体力消耗以及与绝经相关症状等多种感觉和经历。在定量分析中，经历潮热的可能性因绝经状态和农村/城市居住情况而异。在定性分析中，有潮热症状女性的生活特征主题如下：寻求和获得生物医学护理的情况；社会支持网络的有无；婚姻状况和关系质量；以及职业压力。
潮热问卷根据所用语言和女性生活的社会文化背景可能得出不同的症状频率。定性研究结果表明，在坎佩切州，最有可能影响潮热认知和经历的主题是生物医学、社会支持、婚姻和压力。
