Matsuoka Toshihiko, Sato Tomoki, Akita Tomoyuki, Yanagida Jiturou, Ohge Hiroki, Kuwabara Masao, Tanaka Junko
Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Hiroshima City Funairi Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima 730-0844, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Oct 17;13(10):1017. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13101017.
The objective of this study was to identify factors related to the expansion of infection and prevention of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. A retrospective non-randomized cohort study (from June 2009 to May 2010) on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was conducted in a sample of residents from Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. The cumulative incidence of the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and the pandemic vaccine effectiveness (VE) were estimated. The response rate was 53.5% (178,669/333,892). Overall, the odds ratio of non-vaccinated group to vaccinated group for cumulative incidence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 2.18 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.13-2.23) and the VE was 43.9% (CI: 42.8-44.9). The expansion of infection, indicating the power of transmission from infected person to susceptible person, was high in the 7-15 years age groups in each area. In conclusion, results from this survey suggested that schoolchildren-based vaccination rate participates in determining the level of herd immunity to influenza and children might be the drivers of influenza transmission. For future pandemic preparedness, vaccination of schoolchildren may help to prevent disease transmission during influenza outbreak.
本研究的目的是确定与甲型H1N1流感大流行病毒（A(H1N1)pdm09）感染传播扩大及预防相关的因素。在日本广岛县居民样本中开展了一项关于A(H1N1)pdm09的回顾性非随机队列研究（2009年6月至2010年5月）。估算了A(H1N1)pdm09的累积发病率和大流行疫苗效力（VE）。应答率为53.5%（178,669/333,892）。总体而言，未接种疫苗组与接种疫苗组A(H1N1)pdm09累积发病率的比值比为2.18（95%置信区间（CI）：2.13 - 2.23），疫苗效力为43.9%（CI：42.8 - 44.9）。各地区7 - 15岁年龄组中，表明从感染者向易感者传播能力的感染传播扩大程度较高。总之，本次调查结果表明，以学龄儿童为基础的疫苗接种率参与决定对流感的群体免疫水平，儿童可能是流感传播的驱动因素。对于未来的大流行防范，对学龄儿童进行疫苗接种可能有助于预防流感暴发期间的疾病传播。
