Iglesias-Linares Alejandro, Morford Lorri Ann, Hartsfield James Kennedy
Department of Orthodontics, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal sn, Madrid, Spain.
University of Kentucky Center for the Biologic Basis of Oral/Systemic Diseases, 1095 Veterans Administration Drive, HSRB Room 414, Lexington, KY, 40536-0305, USA.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2016 Dec;14(6):292-309. doi: 10.1007/s11914-016-0340-1.
When orthodontic patients desire shorter treatment times with aesthetic results and long-term stability, it is important for the orthodontist to understand the potential limitations and problems that may arise during standard and/or technology-assisted accelerated treatment. Bone density plays an important role in facilitating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), such that reductions in bone density can significantly increase movement velocity. Lifestyle, genetic background, environmental factors, and disease status all can influence a patients' overall health and bone density. In some individuals, these factors may create specific conditions that influence systemic-wide bone metabolism. Both genetic variation and the onset of a bone-related disease can influence systemic bone density and local bone density, such as observed in the mandible and maxilla. These types of localized density changes can affect the rate of OTM and may also influence the risk of unwanted outcomes, i.e., the occurrence of dental external apical root resorption (EARR).
当正畸患者期望在获得美观效果和长期稳定性的同时缩短治疗时间时，正畸医生了解在标准和/或技术辅助的加速治疗过程中可能出现的潜在限制和问题非常重要。骨密度在促进正畸牙齿移动（OTM）中起着重要作用，因此骨密度降低会显著提高移动速度。生活方式、遗传背景、环境因素和疾病状态都会影响患者的整体健康和骨密度。在某些个体中，这些因素可能会创造影响全身骨代谢的特定条件。基因变异和骨相关疾病的发生都会影响全身骨密度和局部骨密度，如下颌骨和上颌骨中观察到的情况。这些类型的局部密度变化会影响OTM的速度，也可能影响不良后果的风险，即牙齿外部根尖吸收（EARR）的发生。
