Nieto-Nieto Nuria, Solano Jose Enrique, Yañez-Vico Rosa
a Department of Stomatology , School of Dentistry, University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2017 May;75(4):280-287. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1294260. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
Root resorption is a pathological process of multifactorial origin related to the permanent loss of dental root structure in response to a mechanical, inflammatory, autoimmune or infectious stimulus. External apical root resorption (EARR) is a frequent clinical complication secondary to orthodontic tooth movement; apart from variables related to treatment, environmental factors and/or interindividual genetic variations can confer susceptibility or resistance to its occurrence. In this context, genetic predisposition has been described as an etiological factor, together with mechanical factors derived from orthodontic treatment. In recent years, international research groups have determined the degree of influence of some genetic biomarkers in defining increased/reduced susceptibility to postorthodontic EARR. The influences of the IL1 gene cluster (IL1B, IL1A, IL1RN, IL6), P2RX7, CASP1, OPG (TNFRSF11B), RANK (TNFRSF11A), Osteopontin (OPN), TNFα, the vitamin D receptor (TaqI), TNSALP and IRAK1 have been analyzed. The objective of the present review study was to compile and analyze the latest information about the genetic background predisposing to EARR during orthodontic treatment. Genetics-based studies along with other basic science research in the field might help to clarify the exact nature of EARR, the influence of genetic inheritance and possibly lead to the prevention or even eradication of this phenomenon during orthodontic treatment.
牙根吸收是一种多因素起源的病理过程，与牙根结构因机械、炎症、自身免疫或感染刺激而永久性丧失有关。根尖外吸收（EARR）是正畸牙齿移动继发的常见临床并发症；除了与治疗相关的变量外，环境因素和/或个体间的基因变异可导致其发生的易感性或抗性。在这种情况下，遗传易感性已被描述为一个病因因素，与正畸治疗产生的机械因素共同作用。近年来，国际研究小组已确定了一些基因生物标志物在界定正畸后EARR易感性增加/降低方面的影响程度。已分析了白细胞介素1基因簇（IL1B、IL1A、IL1RN、IL6）、P2RX7、半胱天冬酶1（CASP1）、骨保护素（OPG，肿瘤坏死因子受体超家族成员11B）、核因子κB受体活化因子（RANK，肿瘤坏死因子受体超家族成员11A）、骨桥蛋白（OPN）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）、维生素D受体（TaqI）、组织非特异性碱性磷酸酶（TNSALP）和白细胞介素-1受体相关激酶1（IRAK1）的影响。本综述研究的目的是汇编和分析有关正畸治疗期间EARR遗传背景易感性的最新信息。该领域基于遗传学的研究以及其他基础科学研究可能有助于阐明EARR的确切性质、遗传继承的影响，并可能在正畸治疗期间预防甚至消除这一现象。
