Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Uruguay; National System of Researchers, National Agency of Research & Innovation (ANII), Uruguay; Department of Anthropology, Philosophy and Social Work, Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Campus Catalunya URV, Avda. Catalunya, 35, 43005 Tarragona, Spain.
Department of Anthropology, Philosophy and Social Work, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Catalunya URV, Avda. Catalunya, 35, 43005 Tarragona, Spain.
Int J Drug Policy. 2017 Jan;39:28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.07.011. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive beverage from the Amazon, traditionally used by indigenous and mestizo populations in the region. Widespread international use of the beverage began in the 1990s in both secular contexts and religious/spiritual networks. This article offers an analysis of these networks as health care systems in general and for the case of Spain and specifically Catalonia, describing the emergence and characteristics of their groups, and the therapeutic itineraries of some participants. The medical anthropology perspective we take enables us to reflect on the relationship between medicine and religion, and problematize the tensions between medicalization and medical pluralism. Closely linked to the process of medicalization, we also analyze prohibitionist drug policies and their tensions and conflicts with the use of ayahuasca in ritual and 'health care' contexts. The paper ends with a reflection on the problem of ayahuasca as 'medicine', since the connection between religion and medicine is a very difficult one to separate.
阿育吠陀是一种来自亚马逊地区的精神活性饮料，传统上被该地区的土著和混血人口使用。20 世纪 90 年代，这种饮料开始在世俗和宗教/精神网络中广泛使用。本文分析了这些网络作为一般医疗保健系统的情况，特别是西班牙和加泰罗尼亚的情况，描述了它们的团体的出现和特征，以及一些参与者的治疗轨迹。我们采取的医学人类学视角使我们能够反思医学与宗教之间的关系，并对医学化和医学多元化之间的紧张关系提出质疑。我们还紧密结合医学化过程，分析了禁止毒品政策及其与在仪式和“医疗保健”背景下使用阿育吠陀之间的紧张关系和冲突。本文最后对作为“药物”的阿育吠陀的问题进行了反思，因为宗教与医学之间的联系是很难分开的。
