Lax S F, Horn L-C, Löning T
Institut für Pathologie, LKH Graz Süd-West, Standort West, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Medizinischen Universität Graz, Göstingerstrasse 22, 8020, Graz, Österreich.
Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Pathologe. 2016 Nov;37(6):573-584. doi: 10.1007/s00292-016-0247-8.
In the 2014 WHO classification, squamous cell precursor lesions are classified as low-grade and high-grade intraepithelial lesions. LSIL corresponds to CIN1, HSIL includes CIN2 and CIN3. Only adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) is accepted as precursor of adenocarcinoma and includes the stratified mucin-producing intraepithelial lesion (SMILE). Although relatively rare, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma can be mixed with a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. Most cervical adenocarcinomas are low grade and of endocervical type. Mucinous carcinomas show marked intra- and extracellular mucin production. Almost all squamous cell carcinomas, the vast majority of adenocarcinomas, and many rare carcinoma types are HPV related. For low grade endocervical adenocarcinomas, the pattern-based classification according to Silva should be reported. Neuroendocrine tumors are rare and are classified into low-grade and high-grade, whereby the term carcinoid is still used.
在2014年世界卫生组织(WHO)分类中,鳞状细胞前驱病变被分为低级别和高级别上皮内病变。低级别鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)相当于宫颈上皮内瘤变1级(CIN1),高级别鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)包括CIN2和CIN3。仅原位腺癌(AIS)被视为腺癌的前驱病变,包括分层产黏液上皮内病变(SMILE)。腺癌和鳞状细胞癌虽然相对罕见,但可与低分化神经内分泌癌混合存在。大多数宫颈腺癌为低级别且为宫颈内膜型。黏液癌表现出显著的细胞内和细胞外黏液分泌。几乎所有的鳞状细胞癌、绝大多数腺癌以及许多罕见的癌类型都与人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)相关。对于低级别宫颈内膜腺癌,应报告根据席尔瓦(Silva)基于模式的分类。神经内分泌肿瘤罕见,分为低级别和高级别,类癌这一术语仍在使用。