Sirisha V L, Jain Ankita, Jain Amita
UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India.
UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India; University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
Adv Food Nutr Res. 2016;79:179-211. doi: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2016.07.004. Epub 2016 Sep 7.
Immobilized enzymes can be used in a wide range of processes. In recent years, a variety of new approaches have emerged for the immobilization of enzymes that have greater efficiency and wider usage. During the course of the last two decades, this area has rapidly expanded into a multidisciplinary field. This current study is a comprehensive review of a variety of literature produced on the different enzymes that have been immobilized on various supporting materials. These immobilized enzymes have a wide range of applications. These include applications in the sugar, fish, and wine industries, where they are used for removing organic compounds from waste water. This study also reviews their use in sophisticated biosensors for metabolite control and in situ measurements of environmental pollutants. Immobilized enzymes also find significant application in drug metabolism, biodiesel and antibiotic production, bioremediation, and the food industry. The widespread usage of immobilized enzymes is largely due to the fact that they are cheaper, environment friendly, and much easier to use when compared to equivalent technologies.
固定化酶可用于广泛的过程。近年来，出现了多种用于固定化酶的新方法，这些方法具有更高的效率和更广泛的用途。在过去二十年中，该领域迅速扩展成为一个多学科领域。本研究全面综述了关于固定化在各种支撑材料上的不同酶的各类文献。这些固定化酶有广泛的应用。包括在制糖、渔业和葡萄酒行业的应用，在这些行业中它们用于从废水中去除有机化合物。本研究还综述了它们在用于代谢物控制的精密生物传感器以及环境污染物原位测量中的应用。固定化酶在药物代谢、生物柴油和抗生素生产、生物修复以及食品工业中也有重要应用。固定化酶的广泛使用很大程度上是因为与同等技术相比，它们更便宜、环保且更易于使用。
