Breiter N, Trott K R, Sassy T
Strahlenbiologisches Institut, Universität München, FRG.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1989 Oct;17(4):779-84. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(89)90066-7.
A model for localized 300 kV X-irradiation of the rat stomach was developed. After irradiation with single doses, three distinct gastric disorders were observed which occurred at different latency times. Acute death 2-3 weeks after irradiation was caused by an erosive and ulcerative gastritis and occurred in all animals given 28.5 Gy without diet, in 17% of the animals given 28.5 Gy plus diet, and in 13% of the animals given 23 Gy. Subacute to chronic fatal disorders 4 weeks to 7 months after irradiation were seen as stomach dilatation and gastroparesis, associated with the replacement of the normal gastric mucosa by a hyperkeratinized multilayered squamous epithelium. These disorders occurred in 40-100% of the animals after doses between 16 Gy and 28.5 Gy (+diet). An ED 50 value of 19.2 Gy (16.5-21.2 Gy, 95% confidence interval) was calculated for this gastroparesis. Late gastric obstruction exceeding 7 months after irradiation was seen in the rats because of profound changes in the gastric wall in 13-18% of the animals after doses between 23 Gy and 14 Gy. In animals surviving these three periods, an atrophic mucosa and intestinal metaplasia developed. From functional and morphohistological studies, it can be concluded that there are differences in the pathogenesis of the fatal radiation damage for each of these periods after irradiation.
建立了大鼠胃局部300 kV X线照射模型。单次照射后，观察到三种不同的胃部疾病，它们发生在不同的潜伏期。照射后2 - 3周急性死亡是由糜烂性和溃疡性胃炎引起的，所有接受28.5 Gy且无饮食的动物、17%接受28.5 Gy加饮食的动物以及13%接受23 Gy的动物均出现这种情况。照射后4周 至7个月的亚急性至慢性致命性疾病表现为胃扩张和胃轻瘫，伴有正常胃黏膜被角化过度的复层鳞状上皮替代。这些疾病在接受16 Gy至28.5 Gy（+饮食）剂量的动物中，发生率为40 - 100%。计算出这种胃轻瘫的半数有效剂量（ED50）值为19.2 Gy（16.5 - 21.2 Gy，95%置信区间）。照射后超过7个月出现的晚期胃梗阻在大鼠中可见，原因是接受23 Gy至14 Gy剂量的动物中，13 - 18%的动物胃壁发生了深刻变化。在度过这三个时期存活下来的动物中，出现了萎缩性黏膜和肠化生。从功能和形态组织学研究可以得出结论，照射后每个时期致命性辐射损伤的发病机制存在差异。
